HSCI 415 Computer Hardward

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HSCI 515Computer Hardware

• It is essential that you have a clear understand
  of the role that hardware plays and be able to
  converse intelligently about hardware trends.

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Computer system 1969
IBM 360
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Input Devices
Card Reader
Magnetic Tape Unit
Typewriter
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Card Punch Machine
IBM Punch Card
Card Sorter
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Overview of Computer Components

• Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Arithmetic/Logic unit
• Control unit
• Registers
• CPU characteristics
• Word length
• Data bus width
• Reduced instruction-set computing (RISC)

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Hardware

• Primary storage
• Bits, byte, kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte
• Groups of 8 bits byte
• 1000 bytes kilobyte (kb or just k) which
  actually equals 1024 bytes (2 to the 10th)
• one million bytes megabyte (Mb) which actually
  equals 1,048,576 bytes (2 to the 20th)
• one billion bytes gigabyte or 1,073,741,820 or
  (2 to the 30th)
• Read-Only Memory (ROM)
• Random-access Memory (RAM)
• Cache Memory

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Secondary Storage

• Magnetic tap
• Magnetic disks
• floppy disks1.4mb
• Hard drives 10gigabytes
• Optical disks CD-ROM 600mb400 floppy disks
• Smart Cards

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Secondary Storage

• Magnetic Tape
• Magnetic Disks
• Floppy disks 3.5 5.25
• Disk drives
• Tracks
• Sectors
• Block
• Optical disks
• CD-ROM 600 megabytes or 400 floppies 300,000
  pages of text.
• WORM (write-once, read many)
• PACs systems in Rad Dept.
• Magneto-optical disks (MO)
• Erasable optical disks (page 57-jukebox storage)
• Optical or Laser Cards
• Smart Cards similar to laser cards but with CPU

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Input Units

• Keyboard
• Pointing devices mouse
• Touch screen
• Light pen
• Scanning devices
• Bar-coding
• Optical mark-readers
• Optical scanners
• Handwriting recognition
• Voice recognition

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Output Units

• Visual displays
• Video display terminals pixel resolution
• Liquid crystal display (LCD)
• Active matrix and passive matrix display
• Printed output
• Dot matrix
• Inkjet
• Laser
• Voice output

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Classes of Computers

• Supercomputers
• Parallel processing
• Mainframe computers
• History terminals, processors, etc
• Front-end processors
• Minicomputers
• Servers
• Workstations
• I.e. high end micro-compute rad-tech, patient
  monitoring, simulations, etc.
• Personal computers

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