THE DIPLOMATIC REVOLUTION 19331938

1
THE DIPLOMATIC REVOLUTION 1933-1938
STEPS HITLER TOOK TO STRENGHTHEN GERMANY AND
IMPROVE ITS POSITION IN EUROPE
REMEMBER HIS REAL GOAL IN THE LONG-TERM TO
SECURE LEBENSRAUM GREATER LIVING SPACE FOR THE
ARYAN EMPIRE AND THE THIRD REICH
All the human culture, all the results of art,
science and technology that we see before us
today, are almost exclusively the
creative product of the Aryan It was he who laid
the foundations and erected the walls of every
great structure in human culture Only an
adequate large space on this earth assures a
nation of freedom of existence We must hold
unflinchingly to our aim to secure for the
German people the land and the soil to which
they are entitled And so we the Nazis take up
where we broke off 600 years ago and turn our
gaze toward the East. If we speak of soil in
Europe today, we can primarily have in mind only
Russia.
ADOLF HITLER MEIN KAMPF
2
(No Transcript)
3
DIPLOMATIC REVOLUTION CONT
OCTOBER 1933 HITLER WITHDRAWS GERMANY FROM THE
GENEVA DISARMAMENT CONFERENCE AND THE LEAGUE OF
NATIONS
MARCH 1935 HITLER CREATES A NEW AIR FORCE
AND EXPANDS GERMANY ARMY FROM 100,000
550,000 THESE MOVES ARE CONDEMNED BUT NO RESPONSE
FROM EUROPEAN POWERS
JUNE 1935 ANGLO-GERMAN PACT GERMAN NAVY COULD BE
35 OF ENGLANDS NAVY SAME NUMBER OF SUBMARINES
THOUGH
MARCH 1936 GERMAN TROOPS GO INTO THE
DEMILITARIZED RHINELAND WITHOUT BRITISH SUPPORT,
FRANCE DOES NOT RESPOND
4
ARTICLE 231 The war guilt clause ARTICLE
232 The reparations clause ARTICLE 51
Alsace and Lorraine returned to France ARTICLE
119 Germanys colonies are renounced ARTICLE
45 Germany cedes to France the Saar Basin coal
mine region ARTICLES 80, 81, 87 AND 116 Germany
recognizes independence of Austria,
Czechoslovakia, Poland and the Baltic nations
(Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania) ARTICLE 160
German army must not exceed 100,000 ARTICLE 181
German navy must not exceed 6 battleships, 6
light cruisers 12 destroyers, 12 torpedo boats
no submarines ARTICLE 198 Germany cant have any
military or naval air forces
REMEMBER
QUESTION Who will enforce this?
5
OTHER CLAUSES OF THE VERSAILLES TREATY
Demilitarization and a fifteen-year occupation of
the Rhineland
BY 1936, THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES HAD NO RELEVANCE
6
MEANWHILE MUSSOLINI MAKES A BOLD MOVE AND
INVADES ETHIOPIA IN 1935
7
EMPEROR HAILE SELASSIE OF ETHIOPIA APPEALS TO
THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS IN 1936 TO HELP HIM OUT
I ask the fifty-two nations, who have given the
Ethiopian people a promise to help them in their
resistance to the aggressor, what are they
willing to do for Ethiopia? And the great Powers
who have promised the guarantee of collective
security to small States on whom weighs the
threat that they may one day suffer the fate of
Ethiopia, I ask what measures do you intend to
take? Representatives of the World I have come
to Geneva to discharge in your midst the most
painful of the duties of the head of a State.
What reply shall I have to take back to my
people?"
AGAIN NO RESPONSE
8
HITLER AND MUSSOLINI FORMALIZE THEIR ALLIANCE IN
1936 ROME BERLIN AXIS
9
THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR 1936-1939
NATIONALISTS LED BY FRANCO VS. THE REPUBLICANS
FASCISTS AND CONSERVATIVES VS. COMMUNISTS AND
LEFTISTS
FOREIGN INVOLVEMENT 1. GERMANY AND ITALY
SUPPORTED FRANCO WITH TROOPS AND WEAPONS 2.
SOVIET UNION SUPPORTED THE REPUBLICANS WITH
ARMS AND ADVISORS
TESTING GROUND FOR GERMANY AND THE SOVIET UNION
10
FRANCO THE FASCIST
11
PRO NATIONALIST PROMOTION
PRO REPUBLICAN PROMOTION
12
SOFT CONSTRUCTION OF BOILED BEANS (PREMONITION OF
CIVIL WAR) SALVADOR DALI
13
PABLO PICASSO GUERNICA - 1937
14
DIPLOMATIC REVOLUTION CONTINUED
AFTER COERCING THE AUSTRIAN CHANCELLOR TO PUT
NAZIS IN CHARGE HITLER FORMALLY ANNEXES AUSTRIA
IN 1938
THIS IS KNOWN AS THE ANSCHLUSS REMEMBER -
GROSSDEUTSCH
15
THUS, UP TO NOW GERMANY AND ITALY HAVE NOT BEEN
CONFRONTED BY OTHER EUROPEAN POWERS

• WHY?
• WORLD-WIDE ECONOMIC DEPRESSION
• MEMORIES OF WWI
• IN GENERAL EUROPEAN POWERS WERE FOLLOWING A
  POLICY OF

APPEASEMENT
GRANTING CONCESSIONS TO ANOTHER IN HOPE THAT
THEIR FUTURE BEHAVIOR OR ACTIONS CHANGE FOR THE
BETTER
JIMMY YOU HAVE BEEN COMING HOME LATE EVERY
FRIDAY FOR THE LAST MONTH I WILL LET YOU GO OUT
THIS FRIDAY BUT YOU MUST PROMISE THAT YOU WILL
BE HOME ON TIME
16
APPEASEMENT REACHES ITS GREATEST HEIGHT
BRITISH PRIME MINISTER NEVILLE CHAMBERALIN APPEASE
S ADOLF HITLER
MUNICH AGREEMENT OF 1938
17
HITLER REQUESTS THAT HIS TROOPS OCCUPY THE
SUDETENLAND LOCATED IN CZECHOSLOVOKIA WHY? MANY
ETHNIC GERMANS LIVED THERE AND IT POSSESSED
COPIOUS RESOURCES
HITLER PROMISES THIS WILL BE THE LAST OF HIS
DEMANDS
18
NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN PEACE IN OUR TIME
19
WITHIN A FEW MONTHS HITLER DISCARDS THIS
AGREEMENT AND OCCUPIES THE REST OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA
20
(No Transcript)
21
MOLOTOV, VON RIBBENTROP AND STALIN
SIGNING THE SOVIET-NAZI NON-AGRESSION PACT AUGUST
1939
FASCIST COMMUNIST AGREEMENT? SHOCKING!!!

• TERMS
• SOVIET SPHERE THE
• BALTICS AND EASTERN POLAND
• 2. GERMANY FREE REIGN
• IN WESTERN POLAND
• 3. WONT ATTACK EACH OTHER

WHY?
22
(No Transcript)
23
(No Transcript)
24
EUROPE 1939
25
(No Transcript)