32 Optical Images

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32 Optical Images

• image formation
• reflection refraction
• mirror lens equations
• Ch.32 homework 25, 30-33,35,55-57, 78, 81(ans
  should be negative). (43 removed)

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image formation

• real image rays converge to a pointmagnifier
  used to start paper on firemovie projector
• virtual image rays diverge from sourceseeing
  any real object or light source

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Plane Mirror Image

• distances measured from mirror axis
• image height y object height y
• object distance s image distance s

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Concave Mirror Image

• distances measured from axis from plane tangent
  to mirror at V
• focal distance is half of curvature radius

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principal rays

• 1) parallel ray 2) focal ray 3) radial ray
• image is real, inverted, and smaller in this
  situation

1
2
3
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convex mirror

• parallel and radial rays shown
• image is upright, virtual, and smaller

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Mirror Equations
you must learn the sign conventions to use these
formulas
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imbedded object

• image distance lt object distance

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thin lenses

• have equidistant focal points on either side
• converging diverging types

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lens equations
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human eye

• average index of refraction 1.4

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Far Sighted Eye

• correction requires converging lens

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near sighted eye

• correction requires diverging lens

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summary

• sections 1 2
• human eye refractive corrections
• (omitting sections 3, 4)

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Calculating Focal Length for a Thin Lens
Example A double convex, thin glass lens with n
1.5 has radii of curvature of 10 and 15cm. Find
its focal length.
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O
I
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Question Reverse the designations in the example
above. Object is now the fish, so n1 1.33 (fish
location). Let the fish be 10cm from bowl
surface. Where is the image of the fish formed
that the cat will see?
Answer s 10cm , s ?, r -15cm, n1 1.33,
n2 1.00.
? 0.133 1/s 0.022 ? 1/s -0.111 ? s
-9.00cm
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2. A document is sealed in a glass cube (n1.5)
at a depth of 10cm from one surface. Calculate s
and m.
Object is in n11.5. Viewer is in air n21.00.
Radius of surface is r infinity.
? 1/s -0.15 ? s -6.67cm.
.
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32-3Aberrations
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32-4Optical Instruments
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s, cats nose
n1 holds object, here equal to 1.00
0.1 1.33/s 0.022
1.33/s -0.078
s -17.1cm
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