Session No' Presentation Title

1
EAS301 - EAServer Tips and Tricks
Scott McReynolds OEM/Solutions Engineering
Manager e-Business scottmc_at_sybase.com
2
Agenda

• Tuning Tricks
• Design Tricks
• Troubleshooting Tricks

3
OS Settings

• Some settings must be made on the OS to improve
  performance.
• Avoid "connection refused" errors by clients
• ndd command deals with tcp/ip internet protocals
• ndd -get /dev/tcp tcp_conn_req_max_q
• ndd -get /dev/tcp tcp_conn_req_max_q0
• Should be set to at least 1024
• ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_conn_req_max_q 1024
• ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_conn_req_max_q0 1024
• No reboot is required after setting the command

4
OS Settings

• Increase the number of allowable open files.
• Can cause refused connections or increased wait
  time.
• Edit the /etc/system file
• set rlim_fd_cur4096
• set rlim_fd_max4096
• Reboot is required

5
Flow Control

• Flow control means limiting the number of threads
  that can do real works at the same time.
• Handler threads are competing with each other for
  resources and creating traffic jams and
  eventually the response time of each thread
  degrades to an unaccepted degree.

V.S.
6
Flow Control

• com.sybase.jaguar.server.flowcontrol.http
• Indicate if HTTP requests are subjected to flow
  control
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.flowcontrol.maxexethreads
  
• A positive integer, to indicate the maximum
  number of concurrent execution threads allowed at
  one time.
• com.sybase.jaugar.server.flowcontrol.iiop
• Indicate if IIOP requests are subjected to flow
  control
• NOTE Deadlock situation under some client
  applications when IIOP is under flow control.

7
Logging

• Log4J Integration
• The built-in EAS subsystem
• The ability to configure log levels
• Messages below a specified level of severity are
  discarded.
• Support for different logging configurations in
  the debug and production servers.
• Optional archiving and compression of previous
  log file versions.
• More control over message formatting.

8
Lightweight EJB Container

• Improves Performance for EJB -gt EJB
  Communications.
• Default for Server.
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.lwc
• Component level Property.
• com.sybase.jaguar.component.lwc
• EAServer activates the lightweight container for
  EJB-to-EJB calls as long as all of the following
  are true
• The LWC is enabled for the server and the called
  (target) component.
• The calling (source) component uses an EJB
  reference or EJB local reference to make the
  call.
• The LWC is compatible with the transaction and
  security properties of the calling (source) and
  called (target) components.
• The LWC cannot be forced to activate.
• Significant performance improvement with
  "Required" or "Requires New".
• Object references cannot be marshalled.

9
Connection Cache Settings

• com.sybase.jaguar.conncache.poolsize.max
• maximum number of connections kept open in the
  cache.
• com.sybase.jaguar.conncache.poolsize.min
• minimum number of connections kept open in the
  cache.
• com.sybase.jaguar.conncache.poolmanager.maxconnect
  ions
• connections that can be allocated before
  determining whether to wait for a connection.
• A value of 0 indicates that new connections
  should be opened whenever they are required.
• If the number of open connections is greater than
  the value of poolsize.max the excess connections
  are not returned to the pool.
• com.sybase.jaguar.conncache.poolmanager.wait
• Specifies whether to wait for a connection.

10
EJB CMP Cache

• Drivers to improve overall performance of CMP
  EJBs
• Allowing updates to be deferred to the end of
  each transaction and sent together as a command
  batch..
• Reducing network round trips between the database
  server and EAServer.
• Supports automatic creation of semi-temporary
  stored procedures.
• Sybase Driver com.sybase.ejb.cmp.SybaseDriver
• Oracle Driver com.sybase.ejb.cmp.OracleDriver
• Lots of new Parms.. Check the documentation

11
Purpose of Caching

• EJB.
• Improve performance by avoiding the loading of
  instance state at the start of each transaction.
• Servlet/JSP.
• Allows Servlet and JSP content to be cached by
  the server.
• Drastically improves speed at which content is
  served to the user.
• Initial benchmarks show over 60 X increase.
• Caching is based on 7 different key parameters
  and a timeout parameter.
• The response data (a byte array) and all the
  response headers are saved in the cache.
• The cache is not persistent, and is not
  synchronized among servers in a cluster.

12
Benefits of Object Cache

• For update transactions, may be able to avoid any
  SQL select statements, while still having to
  execute a SQL update statement.
• For read-only transactions, may be able to
  entirely avoid the execution of SQL statements.
• For CMP entity finder methods that return
  collections, may be able to run one query instead
  of N1 queries for finders returning a collection
  containing N entities.

13
Performance Gain Depends On

• Frequency of re-use of objects with same
  key,e.g. how often does a new transaction use
  the same entity as a previous transaction for
  which an entry is still present in the object
  cache.
• Ratio of update to read-only transactions.
• Size of data set (e.g. database table).
• Size of object cache.
• Configured timeout for cache entries.

14
Cache Options/Simple Cache

• Implement Java side Servlet cache which will
  cache outputs of Servlet/JSP in java core memory.
• Fast response for Servlets or JSPs that the
  output will not be changed during the timeout
  period.
• com.sybase.jaguar.servlet.javacache.enabled
• Default is false
• com.sybase.jaguar.servlet.javacache.session
• Keep - If request includes session id, we'll try
  to get the session.
• Create - If request includes session, we'll try
  to get the session.
• No - Do not check or return "Set-Cookie" session
  header.

15
Cache Options/Simple Caching - Continued

• com.sybase.jaguar.sevlet.javacache.maxsize
• The value is the number of K bytes indicates the
  limit of the content size.
• Default is 8k
• Limit 100
• com.sybase.jaguar.sevlet.javacache.timeout
• The timeout in seconds.
• Default 60
• lt 0 means never expired.

16
Cache Options/Cache Architecture

• Interface CtsComponentsObjectCache (basic
  operations find, get, put, remove)
• Component CtsComponents/ObjectCache (built-in
  implementation)
• Configurable each entity/stateful component can
  have its own cache configuration. Caching is
  disabled by default.
• Pluggable - partners and end users can write
  their own cache implementations (components).

17
Cache Options / ObjectCache Component

• Built-in component is implemented in C for
• two reasons
• Maximum performance
• Cache data is not visible to Java VM garbage
  collector. This allows extremely large
  caches,e.g. 500Mb.
• Cache implementations must use C or Java
  (requires the use of the Bind Object option).

18
Role of Dispatcher

• Before xxxFindByPrimaryKey converts instance key
  to binary form and calls find on cache.
• Before xxxLoad converts instance key to binary
  form and calls get on cache.
• After xxxCreate/xxxStore converts instance key
  state to binary form and calls put on cache.
• After xxxRemove converts instance key to binary
  form and calls remove on cache.

19
Transaction Consistency (for update transactions)

• Cache put and remove calls are only made
  after successful transaction completion, i.e. we
  never place uncommitted data in the cache.
• Should be combined with optimistic concurrency
  control (OCC) - the default behaviour with
  Automatic Persistent State (CMP).

20
Transaction Consistency (for read-only
transactions)

• Stale cache entries can cause problems for
  read-only transactions, which have no way to
  detect that they have used stale data. This can
  be handled
• By configuring Cache Timeout.
• By configuring Cache Synchronization.
• By arranging to be notified when updates are made
  to the underlying data, e.g. database trigger
  notifies cache to flush one or more entries.

21
Component Settings

• CMP Performance Settings
• When to load data from the database within a
  transaction
• com.sybase.jaguar.component.load
• By default beforeInvoke, beforeRemove
• When to store data to the database within a
  transaction
• com.sybase.jaguar.component.store
• By default afterCreate, afterInvoke

22
Component Settings/CMP Settings (Continued)

• To reduce load and stores
• com.sybase.jaguar.component.load
• Change to afterBegin to do loads only after a
  begin transaction
• com.sybase.jaguar.component.store
• Change to beforeComplete to only do stores before
  the completion of a transaction

23
Component Settings/EJB Settings

• Use local interface instead of remote interface
• Causes less marshalling
• Parms are passed by reference instead of by copy

24
Component Settings/PB Components

• Deployment of PB Components creates
• JAGUAR   Repository      Component         ltP
  ackage Namegt            ltComponent Namegt.props  
            ltComponent Namegt               Cltngt   
                 ltone or more PBDs implementing comp
  onentgt

25
Component Settings/PB Components

• Sharing Class Group Loaders
• com.sybase.jaguar.component.pb.librarylist
• Has a value of PBD1.PBDPBD2.PBDPBD3.PBD...
• A unique instance of a class group loader is
  assigned to each distinct occurrence of a library
  list
• The default will cause a unique library list for
  each PB component deployed because of the
  substitution that occurs

26
Component Settings/PB Components

• Sharing class group loaders - solution.
• Include all PBLs containing the NVOs that are
  sharing resources in a single, combined library
  list.
• Deploy each component as you normally just ensure
  you use the same deployment options in terms of
  PBL consolidation.
• Use jaguar manager to modify the
  com.Sybase.Jaguar.Component.pb.librarylist
  property in the properties file of each component
  to be the exact same list by referencing a fully
  qualified path to the constituent PBDs.
• Refresh the components.
• Backup the changes to the components' properties
  files.

27
Web Application Settings

• Increase Listener settings
• com.sybase.jaguar.listener.http.conn.maxrequests
• It must be greater than the number of iterations
  of each client will run avoid unnecessary close
  of socket key when doing stress testing.
• If set to low can cause invalid server response
• JSP Settings
• Do not check if the JSP is outdated or not
• com.sybase.jaguar.webapplication.jspc-interval-1

28
Web Application Settings

• Turn off HTTP logging
• Done via Jaguar Manager
• Insure the number of threads is set correctly
• Do not check if the JSP is outdated or not
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.http.maxthreads
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.maxconnections
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.maxthreads

29
Web Application Settings

• Turn on HTTP cache
• Done via Jaguar Manager
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.http.cache.debug
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.http.cache.enable
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.http.cache.exclude-files
  
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.http.cache.size
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.http.cache.timeout
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.http.cache.webapps.exclud
  e-files
• Saves static HTML information
• Pages
• Images
• Etc.

30
Partial page caching

• Partial page caching allows you to cache parts of
  a response.
• Supported by a tag library for use in JSPs, and a
  public API for use in servlets.
• Uses CacehTags.jar
• lt_at_ taglib uri"http//www.sybase.com/EAServer/cac
  hetags.tld" prefix"ct"gt
• To cache a portion of a page, surround it with
  this tag, as in
• ltctcache attributesgt
• ... page content ...
• lt/ctcachegt
• The API is implemented by class CacheManager
• Create
• Retrieve
• Places Data in Cache
• Flush

31
Agenda

• Tuning Tricks
• Design Tricks
• Troubleshooting Tricks

32
Design Issues

• No pooling objects
• Programmatic pooling is available for objects
  implementing the COM ObjectControl or EJB 0.4
  ServerBean interface.
• canBePooled for PB/COM
• canReuse for CORBA objects
• Called if the pooled flag is not set.
• Declarative pooling is available via Pooling
  check-box in Component Properties.
• Stateful components cannot be pooled
• A min and max pooling value can be set to help
  manage memory.

33
Design Issues

• Develop small components
• one ancestor object gets inherited and code
  specific logic
• Most components can be developed with two pbls
• Keep library list small.
• Publish one component per application.
• This keeps the size of the component down
• Create all datastores in the components
  constructor event and initialize the dataobject.

34
Design Issues

• Dont over design too many inter-component calls
  kill performance and take up too many resources.
• Only use PB components for shared components if
  it is not called from other components or if its
  meant to synchronize the calls.
• Dont use PB components as services if the
  component will run in a loop.

35
Design Issues

• Single Threading of objects
• Concurrency not enabled
• More copies needed then necessary
• In PB, the PBD is locked during execution
• SQL Issues
• Using Large ResultsSets
• Take lots of memory possibility 2 copies of used
  with TabularResults.ResultSet
• Conversion could require processing and looping
  of entire ResultSet

36
Design Issues

• Untuned SQL
• Slow Performance of the SQL within the DB
• Mis-use of the connection caches
• Not returning connections to the cache
• Causes more JCM_FORCE connections
• Use of JCM Wait
• Makes client think the server is hung
• Lots of I/O to the log
• Provide a switch that will turn debugging on/off
• Write to the log via the MessageService
• Time delay in when it is written to the log.

37
Agenda

• Tuning Tricks
• Design Tricks
• Troubleshooting Tricks

38
How to Get the Versions

• PB Version
• Windows
• GetFileVersionInfo window API. See sybase.com
  for the white paper
• Solaris
• strings JAGUAR/lib/libpbvm70x.so grep Version
• Turn on the verbose mode
• Shows all of the classes that are loaded and
  when.
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.jvm.verbosetrue

39
What Is the Log Telling Me

• Starting Listeners
• Listener 1 TestServer_iiop Active yes
  Protocol 'IIOP' 'localhost',9000 Security
  Profile 'NONE'
• Jul 16 170148 2002 Listener 2
  TestServer_http Active yes Protocol 'HTTP'
  'localhost',80 Security Profile 'NONE'
• Listener File Name - TestServer_iiop
• Protocol - IIOP
• Machine Name - localhost
• Port - 9000

40
What Is the Log Telling Me

• Start processes
• Code set being used
• Server's native codeset is iso_1
• Java Library to use. Important for NT service
• Library 'libjjdk12.dll' for component type
  'java'
• JIT Compiler Option turned on
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.jvm.nojit
• Java JIT Compiler enabled
• Debug option turned on/off
• Java component debugging disabled
• JVM version
• Java virtual machine initialized (version 10002)
• Repository Location
• RepositoryC\Program Files\Sybase\Jaguar CTS
  3.5\Repository

41
What Is the Log Telling Me

• Other Processes
• Jaguar IP address that is being used.
• Host IP 127.0.0.1
• The URL for the name server
• NameServiceURL iiop//00
• Timeout for
• PermissionCache Authorization cache timeout 120
  minutes
• Starting EAServer Standard Services
• Starting Services...
• Started Jaguar/Repository
• Started Jaguar/GarbageCollector
• Started Jaguar/JCM
• Starting Jaguar Naming Services...
• Started CosNaming/NamingContext
• Started JaguarServlet/ServletService

42
What Is the Log Telling Me

• Other Processes (continued)
• Executing the run method of the services
• Running services...
• Running CosNaming/NamingContext
• Running Jaguar/GarbageCollector
• Running JaguarServlet/ServletService
• Name Services binding complete
• Stopped CosNaming/NamingContext
• Setting Quality of Protection
• Authentication timeout period is 3600 seconds.
• Note authentication timeout can be disabled.
• Authentication lockout period is 600 seconds.
• Note authentication lockout can be disabled.

43
Generating a Java Stack Trace

• When java components (EJB or CORBA) have errors
  it is good practice to create stack traces.
• Done in the catch block
• catch (Exception e)
• System.out.println (e.toString())
• e.printStackTrace()

44
Generating a Java Stack Trace

• The output is
• java.lang.NoSuchMethodError powersoft.powerj.db.T
  ransaction method setRegisterName(Z)V not found
• at surfsidevideo.CleanupServiceImpl.create
  (CleanupServiceImpl.java26)
• at surfsidevideo.CleanupServiceImpl.run
  (CleanupServiceImpl.java120)
• at surfsidevideo._sk_SurfSideVideoPJ_CleanupServic
  e.invoke (_sk_SurfSideVideoPJ_CleanupService.java
  48)

45
Reading a Java Stack Trace

• Error Message
• java.lang.NoSuchMethodError
• Offending class/method
• powersoft.powerj.db.Transaction method
  setRegisterName
• It Occurred at
• surfsidevideo.CleanupServiceImpl.create
• In class
• CleanupServiceImpl
• At line 26
• The rest is where what called the class that
  failed

46
How to Get Additional Information

• Getting the IIOP stack
• Tells all of the IIOP information that is sent
  and used by the server
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.iiop.log
• Client application issues, such as login failures
• Component issues
• Method invocation errors
• Result sets not returned as expected
• Trouble connecting to the target database
• Intercomponent call errors
• Warning This will create a LOT of output.
  Dont leave on except for a short time.

47
Is There a Way to Recover

• JagRepair
• Read only version of the server
• Allows you to make configuration changes that may
  be causing the server to crash (OTS, Connection
  Cache, Service Components, etc.)
• How do I start it
• Serverstart servername JagRepair
• How do I connect to it?
• UserName jagadmin
• Hostname localhost
• Port Number 9000

48
Intercomponent Calls

• Naming Conventions
• Proxy vs. Object Name
• Always name the component something OTHER then
  the NVO name
• Reduces confusion within the PBVM
• May cause varying things to occur
• Intercomponent Calls
• Calling NVO should only access proxy
• Compile into separate libraries
• Name the Proxy different then the Object

49
HTML DataWindow

• Always use the JavaScript files
• Reduces the download of the page
• Make the DataWindow updateable
• The Dataobject must be updateable
• For External DataWindow define the table as dummy
  
• client side scripting
• column must be on the dataobject
• must have a tab order greater then zero
• Not Visible
• Define a visible expression to make column
  invisible at runtime
• For example, set the visible property expression
  to 0
• Pass the browser as an argument
• HTML DataWindow get generate the best-looking
  view of your dataobject

50
HTML DataWindow (Continued)

• To validate the DataWindow
• User the HTMLContextApplied event
• Validates the data before the action is applied
• Use a user-defined button
• Causes the client side script to pass the context
  and action to your component
• You can call SetHTMLAction
• which will apply the context
• it does not know what the action is so it will be
  ignored
• After calling SetHTMLAction
• datastore contains all inserted data, modified
  and deleted rows
• Then validate and perform action

51
JDK Issues

• Some APIs require certain JDKs
• All J2EE 1.2 API require JDK 1.2 or higher
• Example
• Getting a connection cache for a
  javax.sql.DataSource and using a 1.1 connect
  cache name.
• Deployment of 1.3 objects
• XML Descriptors for 1.3 objects will not deploy
  because of the DTD at the start of the file.
• lt!DOCTYPE application PUBLIC '-//Sun
  Microsystems, Inc.//DTD J2EE Application 1.3//EN'
  'http//java.sun.com/dtd/application_1_3.dtd'gt

52
ClassLoader

• Used by EAServer to find and load object
• java.classes property
• Found in
• Servers (4.0)
• Packages
• Components
• Connectors
• Servlet
• Web Application
• Defines the classes that are required to load a
  particular object
• Defines the jar file(s) that are needed (in
  addition to the bootclasspath) for finding
  classes

53
ClassLoader Issues

• When comparing classes they need to be loaded at
  the same level
• Example
• ServletA creates object Foo
• EJB_A creates object Foo
• ServletA passes its Foo to EJB_A as a parm.
  EJB_A tries to use Foo from ServletA
• Resolution Have the server class loader load Foo

54
Debug Flags

• Most functionality in the server has a debug flag
• Documented and undocumented
• com.sybase.jaguar.ltfeaturegt.debug
• Examples
• com.sybase.jaguar.server.http.cache.debug
• com.sybase.jaguar.component.debug
• com.sybase.jaguar.servlet.debug
• Will impact performance

55
Questions