Introduction to Computers

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Introduction to Computers CS161
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What is a Computer?
An electronic device, operating under the control
of instructions stored in its memory unit, that
can accept data (input), process data
arithmetically and logically, produce results
(output), and store the results for future use.
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What does a computer do?

• Can perform four general operations
• Input data (numbers, words, images, and sound)
• Process data (using software or computer program)
• Output (printed report, display)
• Storage

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What are the components of a Computer?

• Input Devices
• System Unit
• Output Devices
• Storage Devices

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Input Devices

• The Keyboard
• Mouse (pointing device)
• disk drives
• Monitor
• Modems, scanners, digital cameras

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Output Devices

• Printers
• Monitor
• disk drives

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Storage Devices

• Floppy diskette
• Hard disk
• CD-ROM

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Why is a Computer So Powerful?

• Speed
• Reliability
• Accuracy
• Storage
• Communications

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Computer Software

• System Software
• Programs that are related to controlling the
  actual operations of the computer.
• User Interface
• Controls how information is presented on the
  screen and how you enter data and commands.
• Application Software
• Programs that tell a computer how to produce
  information

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Operating systems

• MS-DOS
• Windows 3.x, 95, 98
• OS/2
• UNIX/ Linux
• Windows NT

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Application Software

• Word processors (used to create and print
  documents)
• We will be able to insert and delete text,
  correct mistakes, move text, and perform numerous
  other functions

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• Spreadsheets
• Store numeric data which can then be used in
  calculations
• Automatically updates the calculations should
  the data it stores be changed
• Databases
• store and manipulate large quantities of data
  using the computer

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• Presentation software
• Combine text and graphics to create professional
  looking material to use in a presentation