MAIZE INBREED LINES RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM EAR ROT

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MAIZE INBREED LINES RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM
EAR ROT
Branimir Šimic - The Agricultural Institute
Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, CROATIA Jasenka Cosic
- Vlatka Rozman - Anita Liška University of
J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Faculty of
Agriculture in Osijek, CROATIA
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• Introduction
• Vital importance of maize as agricultural crop
  and market competitiveness among hybrids seed
  breeders set up high standards in new genotypes
  creation
• New maize hybrids - high genetic potential for
  fertility and resistance to the major disease
  agents and pests
• Fusarium ear rot is one of the most important
  diseases in all the major
• maize breeding areas in the world

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• Maize ear infection results in lower maize yield,
  and poorer quality and accumulation of mycotoxins
  in grain - risk for human and animal health
• Most frequent isolated Fusarium species on maize
  grain Fusarium verticillioides
• F. subglutinans and
• F. graminearum
• Ways of spreading maize ear infection
• silk
• ear stalk
• damage made by insects

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• Infection, development and intensity of disease
  are influenced by environmental factors, genotype
  sensitivity and resistance, and pathogenesis of
  Fusarium spp. and their mutual interaction
• Stress in the period of vegetation affects
  plants vigour - disorders in physiological
  processes and increase sensitivity to the agents
  of the disease
• Objective of the study
• determine differences in sensitivity and
  resistance of inbreed maize lines grown on two
  different soil types to Fusarium ear rot

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• Materials and Methods
• Six inbreed maize lines of FAO 400 and one line
  of FAO 300 (OS 138-9)
• Two locations and two soil types (Kutjevo
  pseudogley and Nova Gradiška amphigley)
• 3-year trial (2001-2003)
• Four repetitions following split-plot method
• (major plot measured 300m2 (15x20m)
• Standard fertilization was made
• Urea 200 kg
• NPK (72030) 200 kg m-2 (ploughed in)
• KAN 150 kg m-2 in nutrition while cultivating
• 120 plants of each genotype were examined
  measuring intensity of infection in percentage of
  maize ear infection
• Results were processed by Statistica for Windows
  v. 6.0
• Significant differences among the treatments were
  determined by ANOVA and LSD test

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Results and Discussion Table 1 Percentage of
maize ears infected with Fusarium spp. regarding
locations and years ()
Line 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003
Line Pseudoglay Amphyglay Pseudoglay Amphyglay Pseudoglay Amphyglay
OS 36-16 60.9 38.1 74.4 49.5 58.0 43.9
OS 2-48 56.3 48.3 68.7 56.2 64.6 47.1
OS 84-44 61.9 44.5 66.1 53.3 60.3 49.2
OS 138-9 64.6 51.4 69.0 58.3 59.4 50.5
OS 84-49 60.3 43.1 66.2 34.3 51.2 49.4
OS 89-9 30.9 24.6 36.7 39.3 34.7 33.2
OS 86-39 38.2 21.1 34.4 23.1 21.9 19.6
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• Differences in infection intensity with Fusarium
  spp. could be explained by the differences in
  plant nutrition (phosphorus)
• Insufficient nutrition with phosphorus affects
  physiological process ? development of pathogenic
  organisms
• Increasing of the maize grain yield by
• increasing effect of photosynthesis
• advancing metabolism of carbohydrates and water
  transport
• improving reproduction and grain forming
  phosphorus

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• Statistically significant differences were also
  determined in inbreed lines sensitive to Fusarium
  ear rot
• The most tolerant inbreed lines OS 89-9 and OS
  86-39, regardless of the year or location
  examined
• Table 2. Average occurrence () of Fusarium ear
  rot depending on inbreed line, year and location
  examined

Line _ x Year _ x Location _ x
OS 36-16 54.16 2001 45.96 Pseudoglay 54.19
OS 2-48 56.87 2002 52.11 Amphigley 41.81
OS 84-44 55.76 2003 45.94
OS 138-9 58.87
OS 84-49 50.78
OS 89-9 33.23
OS 86-39 26.38
LSD 0,05 1.39 0.74 0.74
LSD 0,01 1.88 0.97 0.98
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Conclusion

• Percentage of the infected maize ears on both
  locations during 3-year trials was on average
  48.3
• The lowest infection was observed on inbreed line
  OS 89-9 (33.2) and inbreed line OS 86-39
  (26.4)
• The highest infection was observed on inbreed
  line OS 138-9 (58.9)
• The source of high inbreed lines tolerance
  appeared to be crucial for further maize hybrid
  selection

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The most tolerant inbreed line (OS 86-39) FAO
400
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The Agricultural Institute Osijek 31 000 Osijek,
CROATIA
University of J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek,
Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, CROATIA
Thank you for your attention !
Corresponding author e-mail address
branimir.simic_at_poljinos.hr (Branimir Šimic)