Image Intensifier/CCD option for fiber readout

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Image Intensifier/CCD option for fiber readout
S. Manly (Rochester), R. Ransome
(Rutgers) Minerva collaboration meeting, FNAL,
June 2003
Thanks to C.Walters, E.Kearns, M.Sakuda from K2K,
B.Moore from Hamamatsu Plots acquired from K2K
papers (hep-ex/0206041, 0004024), Roper
Scientific technical note 11, Hamamatsu Image
Intensifier catalog, Roger Rusak/Ken Hellers
talk (ANL, April 2003)
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Used successfully in past for fiber trackers in
HEP
UA2 - 60K fibers
DONUT - 500K fibers
CHORUS - 1.2 million fibers
K2K - 275K fibers
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Image Intensifiers/CCDs
Microchannel plate
Hamamatsu
Gain is on the order of 103 to 104 per MCP stage
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Image Intensifiers/CCDs

• Many choices of configuration
• Photocathode (size and material)
• number of MCP stages
• phosphor
• optical or fiberoptic taper to CCD (if needed)
• CCD vs. EB-CCD

From Roper Scientific
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Simplest option, do as K2K did
(tracking only)
2 stage (1electrostatic, 1 MCP) 100 mm diameter
photocathode pack 11,500 0.7 mm fibers/unit P20
phosphor (slow, 1 ms decay)
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Fiber packing and calibration K2K
11,500 fibers per unit 100 mm diam units, 0.7 mm
fibers
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K2K pixel readout
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Discussions (Ransome) with Kearns,Walters,
Sakuda, Moore
K2K happy with their system IIT used by K2K no
longer available Camera used by K2K no longer
available
Simplest option not available
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Discussions (Ransome) with Kearns,Walters,
Sakuda, Moore

• They suggest we consider
• C8600 intensifier (2-stage MCP)
• good linearity
• 200 ns gate
• can come with P47 fast decay phosphor
• 18 mm dia photocathode

28K per unit
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Phosphor choices
Hamamatsu
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Suggested camera C7190 Electron Bombardment
CCD camera
Has gain, good linearity expensive (59K/unit)
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• C7190 C8600 combination
• has 108 gain
• may be linear enough to get some pulse height
  info
• fast enough to get some timing info (O(200 ns)
  gating and decay time with P47 phosphor)
• has small photocathode diameter (will want
  demagnification stage in front)
• costs 90K per unit

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• C7190 C8600 combination
• go to cheaper camera? No gain, means need three
  stage IIT probably (unless 106 is enough)
• How much demagnification can we get? How big
  are our fibers (.5 mm vs. 1.2 mm is a big
  difference)?

Current working cost estimate for 20K channels is
300K
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Transition from last stage to CCD lens vs. fiber
coupling
Fiber coupling is advised for low light uses Need
to look at cost/benefit for our system Use such a
taper for the front of our system?
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In the works ...
Sakuda says Hamamatsu is developing an IIT with
the luminescent plate replaced by a CCD or a
multi-pixel avalanche photodiode (MPAD) called
HPD Expensive and under development.
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Still much to think about ...
Understand post CCD readout - digitized signal
comes from the camera, full readout at 4-7
Hz Phosphor tradeoffs? MCP lifetime (CHORUS
replaced 3 MCPs every 6 months) Camera vs.
3-stage IIT tradeoff Demagnification limitations