Persaudaraan Korban Napza Indonesia Indonesian Drug Victims Solidarity

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The Indonesian Experience Government and civil
society partnership model for expanding coverage
of harm reduction
Dr. Nafsiah Mboi, SpA, MPH Secretary to the
National AIDS Commission Presented at UN RTF
ICAAP SYMPOSIA
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Issues

• Twin epidemic of drugs and AIDS
• IDU driven, almost all provinces are reporting a
  growing drug user community

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Issues

• Criminalization of drug users
• Prohibitive drug laws 5 and 22/1997
• Drug users are a covert underground community,
  unprotected by the public system, isolated from
  society
• Prisons are filled with young drug users,
  increasing vulnerability to HIV, Hep C, sexual
  abuse, etc
• No access to health care ? fear of arrest
  stigma discrimination from health providers

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The journey towards partnership

• 1999- 2006 drug users as a community not
  recognized by government programs ?very little
  consultation drug users mere projects targets
  not involved in any form of planning
• Presidential Regulation75 /2006 about Nat. AIDS
  Comm
• Civil society rep. equal members of the
  Commission
• Drug users, PLHIV, sex workers, academics, etc.
  all active participating members in policy
  making meetings

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The journey towards partnership

• Coord Min for Peoples Welfare/ Chair NAC reg
  2/2007 harm reduction public policy for HIV
  prev and care for people who inject drugs? IDUs
  NOT criminals , they have Human Rights
• ? Then there was the drug users movement
• - local communities organized themselves
• - a national network was established (2007)
• - consistently providing inputs to ensure the
  public health system accommodates drug users
  needs

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It took the realization from both parties,
government and civil society

• The government
• drug users citizens, protected from human
  rights violation, violence, abuse and any form of
  discrimination
• drug users (in and out of prisons) are not denied
  their human rights, including the right to life,
  education, health care etc

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It took the realization from both parties,
government and civil society

• Civil society
• educated itself concerning civic rights and
  obligations
• became contributing members of society, monitors
  the running of the public engine social,
  economic, legal, health, etc
• Learned to become an agent of change when system
  doesnt accommodate their needs

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Indonesian drug users communities actively
involved in policy making processes from
national to the local levels

• Org financial support to the National Drug
  Users Network, incl Drug Users Congress 2007
  2009
• NAC established (WG) gender human rights ? all
  elements of civil society legal aid, human
  rights group, womens movement groups, etc.
• HR WG all levels Aids Comm, Health, Police, Narc
  Board, CSO, Org Drug victims, prison officials,
  etc ? for planning, coordination, ME
• Together Govt, CSO, drug users, PLHIV networks,
  support efforts for drug law reform

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Combining forces to scale up.

• The governments commitment and support to
  universal access for prevention and care
• ? domestic resources e.g. Jakarta supports all
  public health centres for NSP and some including
  MMT, Pontianak, Mataram, etc
• Increasing coverage, particularly among drug
  users ( IPF, GFATM, AUSAID)

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NSP until Dec 2008
Source NAC
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MMT Dec 2008
Source NAC
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The trust of the people in the leaders reflects
the confidence of the leaders in the people.
Paulo Freire

• Terima kasih
• Thank you