Industrial Materials Recycling

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Industrial Materials Recycling

• Kimberly Cochran, PhD
• US EPA Office of Solid Waste
• AGC Building Division Meeting
• January 26, 2008
• Miami, Florida

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Industrial Materials Recycling Team

• Promotes the reduction, reuse, and recycling of
  industrial materials
• Construction and demolition (CD) materials
• Coal combustion products (CCPs)
• Foundry sands
• Tires
• Slags
• Pulp and paper residuals

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Why reuse/recycle these materials?

• They
• Can substitute virgin materials AND save energy,
  time, and money
• Perform as well or better than virgin materials
• Capture valuable materials that would otherwise
  be lost.
• Recycling/reusing can mean points for green
  building certification.

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CD Materials Include
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Components of CD Waste

• Wood
• Engineered Wood
• Oriented Strand Board (OSW)
• Plywood
• Blackboard
• Dimensional Lumber
• Treated Wood

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Wood

• Markets
• Boiler Fuel
• Mulch
• Engineered boards

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Portland Cement Concrete

• Markets
• Road Base
• Aggregate

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Asphalt Concrete

• Heavily Recycled in New Hot Mix Asphalt

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Components of CD Materials

• Gypsum Drywall
• Markets
• New Drywall
• Portland Cement Production
• Agriculture
• Construction Material

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Components of CD Materials

• Roofing Materials
• Asphalt Roofing Shingles
• Asphalt Roofing Felt
• Recycled into new hot mix asphalt.

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Components of CD Materials

• Metals
• Ferrous
• Nonferrous
• Aluminum
• Copper

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Components of CD Materials

• Paper Products
• Cardboard

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Reuse/Recycling Can Occur Onsite and Offsite
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Consiglis Waste Management Four Tier System

• Tier I Direct Reuse and Recycling
• Tier II Source Separated Materials
• Tier III Mixed CD to Offsite Separation
• Tier IV Mixed CD to Landfills

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State Programs Regulations

• Massachusetts ban on disposal before processing
• California requires 50 diversion from landfills
• Various states have grants and education programs

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Local Ordinances

• Disposal bans
• Ban of specific materials from being disposed
• Waste plan requirement
• Require all contractors to submit plans on how
  they will reduce disposal when applying for a
  permit
• Deposit system
• Fee required when applying for a permit that is
  returned when recycling is proven
• Salvage period requirements

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Other Factors Influencing Recycling

• Increases in fuel prices
• Green building initiatives
• Efforts to reduce GHG emissions
• General difficulty to site landfills

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Not Just CD Materials

• Remember
• It is important to reuse/recycle the waste your
  company generates, but
• It is also important to use recyclable materials
  from other industries in construction design.

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Other Industrial Materials

• Fill
• Structural material
• Masonry material
• Many more

• Coal fly ash
• Iron/steel slag
• Foundry sand

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Industrial Materials Recycling Team

• Measure What gets tracked gets managed
• Explore barriers and how to overcome them
• Increase awareness
• Recognize success

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Measurement CD Materials
Preliminary 2003 draft numbers
Amount Generated (million tons) Recycling Rate
Buildings 160 40
Road Surfaces 170 88
Other sources ? ?
Total ? ?

• Will be measuring annually -- need a viable,
  economically feasible source of data
• Currently looking at data states collect and
  publish

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Exploring Barriers, Increasing Awareness

• Construction Initiative
• Encouraging use of industrial materials in
  building or highway construction projects
• Green Buildings, Highways, and Sustainable Sites
• Helping develop criteria
• Promoting industrial materials recycling in green
  structures/sites
• Promoting coordination between transportation and
  environmental agencies

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Cement Specifications Concrete Specifications
ASTM C 595,"Standard Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements. ASTM C 618, "Standard Specification for Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use as a Mineral Admixture in Portland Cement Concrete."
ASTM C 150, "Standard Specification for Portland Cement." ASTM C 311, "Standard Methods of Sampling and Testing Fly Ash and Natural Pozzolans for Use as a Mineral Admixture in Portland Cement Concrete."
AASHTO M 240, "Blended Hydraulic Cements." ASTM C 989, "Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag for Use in Concrete Mortars.
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Exploring Barriers, Increasing Awareness

• Asphalt Shingle Recycling Forums
• Foundry Sand Forum
• Beneficial Use Summit

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EPAs Innovative Grants

• 2005 Grant to CMRA for Tear-Off Asphalt Shingles
  Recycling
• Update www.shinglerecycling.org website
• Recycling Asphalt Shingles Best Practices Guide
  
• Environmental Issues Associated with Asphalt
  Shingle Recycling

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Partners

• Associated General Contractors of America
• Building Materials Reuse Association
• Construction Materials Recycling Association
• National Association of Home Builders
• National Demolition Association
• Association of State and Territorial Solid Waste
  Management Officials

• National Association of Counties
• Foundry Sand Recycling Starts Today
• American Coal Ash Association
• Rubber Manufacturers Association
• National Council for Air and Stream Improvement
• National Slag and Slag Cement Association

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EPAs Partnership with AGC

• White paper
• Demonstrate a support for reduction, reuse, and
  recycling
• Reuse and recycling should be performed in a safe
  manner

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EPAs Partnership with AGC

• Measurement tool for contractors

How much did my company reused/recycled?
How much did my company SAVE?
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EPAs Partnership with AGC

• Recognition
• Case Studies
• Others?

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Things to Think About

• What obstacles have you encountered?
• What role does each participant play in
  overcoming the obstacles to industrial materials
  recycling?
• Contractors
• Manufacturers
• States
• EPA

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Things to Think About

• What tools and resources do contractors need to
• Reuse/recycle materials
• Use recycled materials

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Case Studies

• Recycling/reusing CD materials
• Using industrial materials
• Need
• Amount and types of materials that were
  reused/recycled
• Size of project
• Amount of money saved (if available)
• Obstacles encountered and how they were overcome

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Contact Information
Cochran.Kimberly_at_epa.gov 703-347-8950 www.epa.go
v/industrialmaterials