Regional Stocktaking and Mapping of Disaster Risk Reduction Interventions in Asia and the Pacific In

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UNDERTAKING COLLABORATION ON DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION (DRR)
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SCOPE OF PRESENTATION

• 1. Differentiating Disaster Risk Management ,
  Disaster Management, and Disaster Risk Reduction
• 2. Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) and ASEAN
  Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency
  Response (AADMER) Frameworks, Tools, and
  Mechanisms for DRR
• 3. HFA Linking Disaster and Development
  Building the Need for DRR
• 4. Disaster Risk Reduction in AADMER
• 5. DRR MEASURES IN HFA and AADMER
• 6. Concretizing DRR Measures Initiatives and
  Experiences
• 7. The Imperative to Collaborate Why and How?

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• What is DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT?
• The Systematic Process of using administrative
  decisions, organizations, operational skills and
  capacities to implement policies, strategies and
  coping capacities of the society and communities
  to lessen the impacts of natural hazards and
  related environmental and technological
  disasters includes structural and non-structural
  measures

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Disaster Risk Management as part of Disaster
Management
Source Risk Analysis a Basis for Disaster Risk
Management GTZ Germany, 2004
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• What is DISASTER RISK REDUCTION?
• Conceptual Framework of elements considered with
  the possibilities to minimize vulnerabilities and
  disaster risks throughout a society, to avoid
  through PREVENTION or to limit through MITIGATION
  and PREPAREDNESS the adverse impacts of hazards,
  within the broader context of sustainable
  development (UNISDR)

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HFA and AADMER FRAMEWORKS, TOOLS and
MECHANISMS FOR DRR
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HFA LINKING DISASTER and DEVELOPMENT, BUILDING
THE NEED FOR DRR
DISASTERS ARE UNRESOLVED PROBLEM OF DEVELOPMENT
AND THERE IS A NEED TO INTEGRATE MEASURES INTO
DEVELOPMENT WHICH WOULD REDUCE RISK OF DISASTERS
In Vietnam it is estimated that a further 4-5
per cent of the population could be pushed into
poverty in the event of a disaster (Source
ADB)
Flooding in Mekong Delta, is often caused by
reduced drainage due to expansion of agricultural
activities into wetland areas that previously
served an important drainage function.
Planning and protection of 12,000 hectares of
mangroves in Vietnam has cost around US 1.1
million, but reduced the cost of dyke maintenance
by US 7.3 million a year. Also helped save
lives, protect livelihoods and generate
livelihood opportunities (Source IFRC)
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DISASTER RISK REDUCTION (DRR) IN AADMER

• DRR term is used only in two articles
• But DRR spirit in several articles
• General provisions (PART I)
• DISASTER PREVENTION and MITIGATION
• (PART III)
• TECHNICAL COOPERATION and SCIENTIFIC
• RESEARCH (PART VII)

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DRR MEASURES IN HFA and AADMER
HFA PRIORITY ACTION 1 Ensure that DRR is a
national and local priority with a strong
institutional basis for implementation

• AADMER ARTICLE 3, PRINCIPLES
• Parties shall give priority to prevention and
  mitigation, and thus shall take precautionary
  measures to prevent, monitor and mitigate
  disasters.

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DRR MEASURES IN HFA and AADMER
HFA PRIORITY ACTION 2 Identify, assess and
monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning

• AADMER ARTICLE 4, GENERAL OBLIGATIONS
• Cooperate in developing and implementing measures
  to reduce disaster losses including
  identification of disaster risk, development of
  monitoring, assessment and early warning systems

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DRR MEASURES IN HFA and AADMER
HFA PRIORITY ACTION 3 Use knowledge, innovation
and education to build a culture of safety and
resilience at all levels

• AADMER ARTICLE 6, 2c
• Promote public awareness and education and
  strengthen community participation

• AADMER ARTICLE 18, d
• Provide or make arrangements for relevant
  training, public awareness and education

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CONCRETIZING DRR MEASURESInitiatives and
Experiences
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Mainstreaming DRR in Development
How to Mainstream DRR in National Development
Planning
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT PLAN LAND USE POLICY and
PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT BUDGET
ALLOCATION
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How to Mainstream DRR in Sectoral Plans
Mainstreaming DRR in Agriculture

• Promote effective programs of crop
  diversification including the use of hazard
  resistant crops
• Ensure sustainable livelihoods in areas of
  recurrent climate risks (i.e. arid and semi-arid
  zones, flood and cyclone prone areas) by
  diversifying livelihood, promoting supplementary
  income generation from off-farm (e.g. animal
  husbandry) and non-farm activities (e.g.
  handicrafts)
• Promote effective insurance and credit schemes
  (Self Help Groups ) to compensate for crop damage
  and losses to livelihoods due to natural hazards

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How to Mainstream DRR in Sectoral Plans
Mainstreaming DRR in Housing

• Promote the increased use of hazard-resilient
  designs (e.g. flood proofing, or seismic safety)
  in housing programmes in hazard-prone areas
• Promote utilization of national building codes
  that have special provisions for enhanced design
  standards for buildings in areas affected by
  natural disasters
• Regular inspection during after construction
• Site selection criteria -Risk Assessment and
  EIA- instituted within Housing Development
  Authority
• Strengthen existing buildings (Retrofitting)

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Risks Identification, Assessment, Monitoring and
Early Warning Systems
National Risk Mapping initiatives in selected
Asian countries

• China Atlas of Natural Disasters
• India Vulnerability Atlas, NIDM disaster
  database
• Maldives National Risk Profile
• The Philippines Hazard Mapping and Assessment
  for Community-Based DRM (READY) (ongoing)
• Sri Lanka National Risk Assessment (ongoing)
• Indonesia Multi hazard GIS disaster inventory
• Malaysia Hazard Mapping GIS and RS (MACRES)
• Vietnam Hazard Vulnerability Atlas
• Cambodia Flood Drought Risk mapping (ongoing)
• Lao PDR Disaster Risk Information System
  (LANGOCA)
• Myanmar Hazard profile of 9 hazards

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Indonesias Capacity Building for EWS
Institutional and community-level dissemination
channels
Climate field school implementation process
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Stage 1 training of agricultural extension
specialists (district level)
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Stage 2 training of agricultural extension
workers (sub-district)
Farmer Groups
Farmer Groups
Stage 3 training of heads of farmers groups
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Stage 4 dialogue with farmers
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Indramayu, Indonesia Climate Field School
Climate Risk Management
Women farmers participating in the Climate Field
School work with extension workers in
understanding rainfall graphs
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ASEAN DAY FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT (ARPDM 5.1)
Public Education, Awareness and Advocacy

• Coinciding with International Day for Disaster
  Reduction 2nd Wednesday of October
• Lead shepherd country Thailand
• Observed since 2006
• 2006 Joint event with ISDR and UNESCAP
• 2007 Joint event with ISDR, and ASEAN Seminar
  on DRR Challenges, and Bangkok Conference
  on Education and DRR
• 2008 Joint event with ISDR, and ASEAN Drawing
  Competition in 7 countries
• 2009 ASEAN Drawing competition on Save
  Hospitals Hospitals in ASEAN Safe from
  Disasters
• Age group 8-12 years old

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Enhancing Disaster Management Public Education
and Awareness Programme (ARPDM 5.3)
Public Education, Awareness and Advocacy

• PEA Lead Shepherd Lao PDR
• PEA Sub-committee members
• - Lao, Cambodia, Philippines, Thailand,
  Vietnam with technical support from ADPC and
  ASEAN Secretariat
• 2nd PEA Sub-committee held on 3-4 Feb. 2009,
• Vientiane, Lao PDR
• 6-Year PEA Program endorsed in principle at
• 13th ACDM Meeting in 18-th-20th Feb. in
• Yangon

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Promotion of Disaster Education in Schools
(ARPDM 5.2)
Public Education, Awareness and Advocacy

• 1. Project Coordinator Asian Disaster Reduction
  Center (ADRC), Japan
• Funding source Japan-ASEAN Integration Fund
  (JAIF)
• 2. Project Coordinator Asian Disaster
  Preparedness Center (ADPC) and UNDP
• Funding Source European Commission Humanitarian
  Aid department (ECHO)

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Public Education, Awareness and Advocacy
Mainstreaming DRR in Education

• Incorporate DRR in the school curriculum
• Build disaster-resilient school buildings
• Formulate school safety plans for disaster
  preparedness
• Build additional features in schools for use as
  emergency shelters

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OTHER DRR WORK ON RELATED THEMES IN ASEAN MEMBER
COUNTRIES

• National
• National Action Plans on DRR in 7 AMCs since 2005
• (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao, Myanmar,
  Philippines, Thailand,
• Vietnam)
• Review and Reform of legal institutional
  arrangements in 4 AMCs since 2000
• National DRR Programs in AMCs supported by UN
  Country Team (Indonesia, Lao, Myanmar,
  Philippines, Vietnam)
• Capacity building and system development of
  provincial, district, and local government levels
  (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao, Malaysia, Myanmar,
  Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam)
• Initiating integration of DRR in school
  curriculum (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao, Malaysia,
  Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam
• Integrating DRR projects in national and local
  development programs (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao,
  Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam

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THE IMPERATIVE TO COLLABORATE
with civil society/ NGOs
Engage ment
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THE IMPERATIVE TO COLLABORATE
Shaping policy at national, regional, and global
Enhancing Public Sector efficiency effectiveness
Contributing to betterment of people and society
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THE IMPERATIVE TO COLLABORATE
Complex elements of and interactions among
where government and civil society are committed
and engaged in
for the betterment of the same people and society
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HOW do we proceed in building the much needed
collaboration?

• Discuss partnership opportunities on common
  initiatives, direction, and interests
• Build on existing mechanisms
• Recognize the niche and competitive advantage of
  each stakeholder
• Mandates
• Expertise
• Resources
• Build complementary partnerships
• Share good practices and lessons learned

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THANK YOU