LECTURE 1 PLANT CLASSIFICATION

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LECTURE 1PLANT CLASSIFICATION

• TYPES
• 1. Discipline
• Botany
• Agronomy
• Horticulture
• 2. Growth Habit
• Annual
• Biennial
• Perrennial
• Herbaceous
• Woody
• 3. Environmental Adaptation
• Cold Hardy
• Draught Tolerant
• 4. Combinations

• Agronomic
• Field Crops
• Cover Crops
• Forage
• Row Crops
• Turf
• Horticultural
• Olericulture
• Floriculture
• Pomology
• Silviculture

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CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS

• 1. Artificial
• Theophrastes 370-285 BCE
• Families
• 2. Numerilcal
• Linneaus 1737
• Taxonomy
• 3. Natural
• August Eichler - 1875
• Evolutionary Relationships

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Systematics

• Domain
• Kingdom
• Division
• Class
• Subclass
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species
• Subspecies

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Modern Classification

• Domains and Kingdoms
• file///D/Media/Animations/domains_kingdoms.html
  
• 3 Domains
• Bacteria (Eubacteria)
• Archea (Archaebacteria)
• Eukarya (Eukaryota)

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Eukarya
Protists
Plants
Fungi
Animals
Bacteria
Archaea
Common ancestor
Fig. 18-3, p. 295
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Domains and Kingdoms

• Domains
• Bacteria
• Monera (Kingdom)
• Thallophyta (Division)
• Bacteria, Cyanobacteria
• Archea
• Thermophiles
• Eukarya

• Kingdoms (Eukarya)
• 1. Protista (Protists)
• Algae, Protozoa, etc.
• 2. Fungi
• 3. Animalae
• 4. Plantae

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Eichler Classification

• Kingdom
• 1. Plantae
• 2. Animalae
• Division
• 1-1. Thallophyta
• 1-2. Bryophyta
• 1-3. Pteridophyta
• 1-4. Spermatophyta

• Class
• 1-4-1. Gymnospermae
• 1-4-2. Angiospermae
• Subclass
• 1-4-2-1. Monocotyledonae
• 1-4-2-2. Dicotyledonae

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Modern Classification

• Divisions
• http//www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/help/taxaform.html
• 4-1. Bryophyta Mosses
• 4-2. Psilophyta - Wisk Ferns (Psilotum)
• 4-3. Lycophyta - Club Mosses
• 4-4. Sphenophyta - Horsetails
• 4-5. Pterophyta (Pteridophyta) - Ferns

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More Divisions

• 4. (Spermatophyta)
• 4-6. Pinophyta Conifers (Gymnosperms)
• 4-7. Cycadophyta - Cycads
• 4-8. Ginkgophyta - Ginkgo biloba
• 4-9. Gnetophyta Gnetum
• 4-10. Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms)
• Class
• 4-10-1. Liliopsida (Mocotyledons)
• 4-10-2. Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)

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Subspecies Categories

• 1. Variety
• Botanical (natural) Variation
• Buxus microphylla Sieb.Zucc. var.
• japonica Rehd.Wils.
• koreana Nakai
• 2. Cultivar
• Man-made Variation
• Hordeum vulgare cv. Wintex or Wintex

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Subspecies

• 3. Hybrids
• A. Interspecific same genus
• Fragaria x ananassa Duch. (8n)
• F. virginiana (2n) x F. chiloensis (2n) x2
• B. Intergeneric different genera
• X Cupressocyparis leylandii Leyland Cypress
• Cupressus macrocarpa (Cypress) x Chamaecyparis
  nootkatensis ) Western Yellow Cedar
• Sterile

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Subspecies

• Groups
• Brassica oleracea L.
• (Capitata) cv. King Cole - Cabbage
• (Italica) - Broccholi
• (Gemifera) - Brussels Sprouts
• (Botrytis) - Cauliflower
• Brassica rapa Turnip
• Brassica napus - Rudibaga