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Inertial Confinement Fusion
Dieter H.H. Hoffmann TU / GSI Darmstadt300.
WE-Heraeus SeminarENERGIEFORSCHUNG26-28 Mai 2003
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3 confinement concepts
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Fusion of Hydrogen Isotopes Deuterium und Tritium
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Microballoon Fusion-target
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Principle of inertial fusion
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Lawson Criterion
n?? ? 1014 s/cm3 ?rRgt1g/cm2
n Particle number density cm-3r density
g/cm3 ? Confinement time s T Temperature
keVR compressed fuel radius
Figure of merit n???T
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Heavy Ion Target, schematically
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Heavy ion target
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Indirect drive heavy ion target
J. Meyer-ter-Vehn
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Indirect drive heavy ion target
J. Meyer-ter-Vehn
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Symmetry by radiation shields
J. Maruhn, Frankfurt
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National Ignition Facility, LLNL
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Why heavy ions Comparison of concepts
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Schematic Fusion Power Plantbased on Heavy Ion
Beams
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Anforderungen an einen Beschleuniger für die
Trägheitsfusion
Energie pro Puls E? 5 10 MJ Pulslänge t
? 5-10 ns Pulsleistung P ? 1015 W
Teilchenzahl pro Puls bei E0 10 GeV Und Au,
Pb, Bi Projektilen N ? 1015
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HIDIF study Heavy Ion Driverfor Inertial Fusion
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HIDIF
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GSI - Darmstadt
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Present and Future Facilities at GSI
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Energy loss on free and bound electrons
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High homogeneity dense plasmas
Conversion of von Laserlight into soft X-rays
for Interaction experiments with heavy ions
M. Roth et al.
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Heavy ion beam target
target
beam
volume heating
gasdynamic motion
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Final Focus
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Plasma Linse
(U. Neuner et al)
focal beam spots
linear B-field
nonlinear B-field
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Introduction
Petawatt High Energy Laser for Heavy Ion
Experiments    
NdGlas Laser Double-pass and Booster Geometry,
31.5cm Beamdiameter 4-6 kJ Puls Energy _at_ 10
ns 500 J Puls Energy _at_ 0.5 ps
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High Energy Ions in Laser Plasma
Intense Laser Beam Matter Interaction
LaserBeam
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Pulsed-power accelerators with z-pinch loads
provide efficient time compression and power
amplification
Target Chamber
Z
11.5 MJ stored energy 19 MA peak load current 40
TW electrical power to load 100-250 TW x-ray
power 1-1.8 MJ x-ray energy

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Two complementary approaches to z-pinch-driven
capsule implosions are being studied
Key issues
Double-ended hohlraum

• hohlraum energetics
• radiation symmetry
• pulseshaping
• preheat
• capsule implosions

Dynamic hohlraum

• Two 60 MA pinches
• 380 MJ yield

• 54 MA pinch
• 530 MJ yield

Both concepts use hohlraum coupling, symmetry,
and capsule scaling physics developed in the
indirect-drive laser and ion beam programs
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Recent Progress in ICF Capsule Experiments at
Sandia National Laboratories
International Workshop on Physics of High Energy
Density in Matter 2003 Hirschegg, Austria
Tom Mehlhorn, Manager Target Z-pinch Theory
Dept Sandia National Laboratories
Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by
Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company,
for the United States Department of Energy under
Contract DE-AC04-94AL84000.