United Kingdom

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Chapter 7

• United Kingdom

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United Kingdom

• Country name United Kingdom of Great Britain and
  Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
• Capital London
• Location Western Europe, islands including the
  northern one-sixth of the island of Ireland
  between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North
  Sea, northwest of France
• Border countries Ireland

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• Government type constitutional monarchy
• Population 60,094,648 (July 2003 est.)
• Languages English, Welsh (about 26 of the
  population of Wales), Scottish form of Gaelic
  (about 60,000 in Scotland)
• Religions Anglican and Roman Catholic 40
  million, Muslim 1.5 million, Presbyterian
  800,000, Methodist 760,000, Sikh 500,000, Hindu
  500,000, Jewish 350,000
• GDP per capita purchasing power parity -
  25,500 (2002 est.) (24th in the world) (2002
  est.)

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• Industries machine tools, electric power
  equipment, automation equipment, railroad
  equipment, shipbuilding, aircraft, motor vehicles
  and parts, electronics and communications
  equipment, metals, chemicals, coal, petroleum,
  paper and paper products, food processing,
  textiles, clothing, and other consumer goods
• Currency British pound (GBP) (CIA, World Fact
  Book)

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Important Facts

• Among the top 10 destinations in the world
• 24,2 million international tourist arrivals
• 17,8 billion international tourism receipts
  (WTO, 2003)
• Coastline 12,429 km
• Terrain mostly rugged hills and low mountains
  level to rolling plains in east and southeast

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• Climate temperate moderated by prevailing
  southwest winds over the North Atlantic Current
  more than one-half of the days are overcast (CIA,
  World Fact Book)

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Selling Points

• Historic sites, museums, theater, Stonehenge and
  other antiquities, London, rural scenery, the
  crown jewels, formal gardens, walking trails,
  county estates, canal trips, shopping, friendly
  people and cultural events.

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Brief Introduction

• there are bonds between UK and USA AND Canada
  (literature, law, tradition)
• neighboring Ireland is more beautiful, UK still
  has stunning beauty, particularly in Scotland
• countryside, rose gardens in the villages are
  among the loveliest in the world

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London

• London metropolitan area is fairly large - its
  population is 7,7 million
• things of interest are within 5 km radius of
  Covent Garden.
• a visitor can walk around or use the Tube
  (subway), a half-day city tour
• Tower of London (dating to 1066 - a medieval
  prison, guides in medieval dress, crown jewels on
  display)
• St. Pauls Cathedral (where Diana and Charles got
  married)

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• British Museum (elements of world history on
  display including two Magna Cartas, the Rosetta
  Stone, the Eldin Marbles statues from the
  Acropolis in Athens, Egyptian mummies)
• Westminster Abbey (royalty is crowned here)
• The Big Ben (the clock tower atop Parliament)
• Tate Gallery and National Gallery (paradise for
  art lovers)
• Buckingham Palace (changing of the guard at 11.30
  am)
• Houses of Parliament

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• Trafalgar Square (pigeons and towering statue of
  Lord Nelson)
• Hyde Park (world famous Speakers Corner for
  Sunday morning speeches of anyone)
• Victoria and Albert Museum (decorative objects)
• Madame Tussauds Wax Museum
• Tower Bridge
• Regent Street (between Piccadilly and Oxford
  Circus - heaven for shoppers)
• Harrods, Selfridges (famous shops)

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• Leicester Square (the center of the legitimate
  theater street full of restaurants, cinemas like
  WB, discos) and China Town
• Museums (the Natural History Museum - animated
  dinosaur exhibit, the London Transport Museum,
  the Museum of Mankind, the Science Museum, the
  National Maritime Museum in Greenwich - pieces
  from Titanic)
• Greenwich (the Old Royal Observatory - where one
  can stand on the Prime Meridian, the Tunnel under
  the Times river by foot)

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Vicinity of London

• Chartwell (home of Winston Churchill)
• Runnymede (place where Magna Carta was signed)
• Windsor Castle (one of the Royal Households)
• Hampton Court Palace (beautiful tapestry, art and
  formal gardens )
• Anthrop Park (childhood home of Princess Diana,
  converted to a museum dedicated to Diana)

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Cambridge

• a picturesque town, built near an ancient bridge
  over the River Cam (Cam-Bridge)
• known for its university opened in 13th century
• old stone buildings
• 16th-century Kings College Chapel
• Trinity College
• Fitzwilliam Museum and the Museum of Archeology
  and Anthropology
• botanic gardens
• Universitys fine choir

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Oxford

• home to oldest university in Britain, founded in
  1263.
• the university has 35 colleges, each with its own
  tradition, architecture and history.
• Carfax Tower (to see the entire town view)
• Magdalen College
• Radcliffe Camera (one of the Oxfords many
  libraries)
• botanic gardens and the Tom Tower in Christ
  Church College
• Oxford Story Museum (uses audiovisual displays to
  bring the history of the town)

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Stonehenge

• the circle of megalithic stones older than a
  thousand years in Salisbury Plain
• 24 km north at Avebury, there is another complex
  of standing stones

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Stratford-upon-Avon

• hometown of William Shakespeare
• Royal Shakespeare Theatre
• The Bard
• Shakespeares birthplace
• The Guildhall (where he went to school)
• The Trinity Church (where he is buried)

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Leeds Castle

• 11th century old castle
• Still occasionally used by the Prime Minister
• has excellent art

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Canterbury

• 200 year old city
• 11th century cathedral containing Thomas a
  Beckets tomb
• The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer
• The Canterbury Pilgrims Way Museum (colorful
  retelling of Chaucers tales)

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York

• a walled medieval city
• churches, narrow streets, shops, timbered homes
  with gabled roofs
• 14th-century York Minster is one of the largest
  medieval cathedrals in Europe
• reputed to be the most haunted city in England

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Lake District

• has an amazing scenery
• popular with anglers, honeymooners and walkers
• place to relax, enjoy the scenery, hike

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Scotland

• famous for its pubs, country inns, friendly
  people, bagpipe and kilt
• a cozy and warm area with a rebellious history
  and moody weather
• the annual Edinburgh Festival is one of the best
  art events in the world
• Edinburgh
• has two towns, the New Town and the Old Town
  divided by Princes Street Gardens

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• worlds first urban planning project created 200
  years ago the New Town
• Edinburgh Castle (treasures include the Scottish
  crown jewels)
• National Museum of Antiquities
• Glasgow
• used to be a shipbuilding port, now center for
  arts, entertainment, and education
• Scotlands largest city
• Glasgow Cathedral (Gothic architecture, 12th
  century)
• museums, concert halls, theatres, opera house

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• The Highlands
• rich in history and legend, wild beauty, very old
  fortresses
• Oban (one of the most attractive seafront towns)
• Dunadd Fort (the first capital of the Scots)
• Golf
• Scotland gave golf to the world, has world renown
  golf courses
• St Andrews (reputed to be the first golf course)

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Wales

• compared with Scotland and Ireland, Wales is a
  bit reserved, still has its full share of Celtic
  mystique
• has beautiful scenery, misty valleys, cozy
  cottages, castles
• Cardiff (the capital)
• has an intimate feel with a lovely pedestrian
  mall, the Victorian arcade , Snowdonia National
  Park and Wye Rive Valley (castle ruins)

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Northern Ireland

• misty green meadows, soft blue skies and dramatic
  coastline overshadowed by the troubles between
  Catholic and Protestants
• outgoing people and lively pubs
• Belfast (the capital)
• offers beautiful architecture and Giants
  Causeway (37000 ancient hexagonal basalt columns,
  origin is not known)

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The Channel Islands

• are geographically (may also be culturally)
  closer to France than England
• The two most popular islands Jersey and Guernsey
  (place like England 20 years ago)
• wildflowers, sand dunes, soaring cliffs