LABOR, INTEGRATION

1
LABOR, INTEGRATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE RECENT
DEVELOPMENTS TENDENCESIALMC-OAS WORKSHOP

• Pablo Lazo
• Labor and Civil Society Affairs Coordinator
• International Economic Relations Bureau
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs-Chile
• May11th, 2004

2
TRADE AND LABOR MULTILATERAL DEVELOPPMENT

• Copenhagen World Summet on Social Developpment,
  1995
• WTO Singapore Declaration, 1996
• ILO Declaration on principles and rights at work
  and its follow-up, 1998
• OECD Guidelines for multinationals

3
UNIVERSAL CONSENSUS

• Core labor standards
• ILO competent body
• Labor standards should not be used with
  protectionist purposes
• It should not be questioned the comparative
  advantage of any country on the base of these
  instruments

4
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

• Freedom of association and the right to form
  unions and bargain collectively
• Ban of forced labor
• Limitations of child labor
• Non discrimination

5
LABOR STANDARDS IN THE INTERNATIONAL FRAME

• GSP OTHER UNILATERAL MECHANISMS
• NAALC
• MERCOSUR
• ALC CANADA-COSTA-RICA
• US-JORDAN

• ILO
• OECD
• OAS

6
FTAs. Vs. Integration processes tendences

• NAALC
• CANADA-CHILE
• CANADA-COSTA-RICA
• US-JORDAN
• CHILE- US
• CAFTA-US

• MERCOSUR
• ANC
• CARICOM
• CASI

7
PROVISIONS

• Labor standards included
• Separate agreements/labor clauses
• Monetary contributions
• Cooperation
• Social actors participation
• Transparency

8
DEVELOPPING PROCESSES

• CAFTA-DR-US discussion for Congress approval
• Negotiations US-Panama
• Negotiations US/Peru, Ecuador, Colombia
• Negotiations US/Bolivia?
• FTAA Process

9
Why to incorporate labor standards in an FTA?
Vision of Chile

• Request of unions and civil society
• Linkage between trade labor a reality(Freeman
  Study Harvard University)
• To avoid or diminish unilateralism (GSP others)
• Political realism
• Principle with Chilean political consensus

10
SKILLS

• Capacity building joint efforts/Integral
  policies/ S. dialogue
• Labor inspection/Labor Justice
• Education, permanent professional training
• Danger of exclusion
• Social protection
• Adapting labor markets informal sector

11
WWW.DIRECON.CLPlazo_at_Direcon.cl