John Lasseter 1987 PRINCIPLES OF TRADITIONAL ANIMATION APPLIED TO 3D COMPUTER ANIMATION

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John Lasseter1987 PRINCIPLES OF TRADITIONAL
ANIMATIONAPPLIED TO 3D COMPUTER ANIMATION
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Introduction

• Three Little Pigs
• Academy Award Winner
• Oscar for Whos afraid of the Big Bad Wolfe?

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Principles of Animation - Introduction

• 1920s and 1930s animation was popular.
• Disney noticed no lifelike movement for animal or
  human figure.
• Disney established drawing classes at Chouinard
  art in LA.
• From these classes the following principles were
  established.

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Principles of Animation

1. Squash and stretch -- defining the rigidity and
   mass of an object by distorting its shape during
   an action.
2. Timing -- spacing actions to define the weight
   and size of objects and the personality of
   characters.
3. Anticipation -- preparation for an action.
4. Staging -- Presentating an idea so that it is
   unmistakably clear.

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Principles of Animation

1. Follow through and overlapping action -- the
   termination of an action and establishing its
   relationship to the next action.
2. Straight ahead action and pose-to-pose action --
   the two contrasting approaches to the creation of
   movement.
3. Slow in and out -- the spacing of the inbetween
   frames to achieve subtlety of timing and
   movement.
4. Arcs -- the visual path of action for natural
   movement.

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Principles of Animation

1. Exaggeration -- accentuating the essence of an
   idea via the design and the action.
2. Secondary action -- the action of an object
   resulting from another action,
3. Appeal - creating a design or an action that the
   audience enjoys watching.

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SQUASH AND STRETCH
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SQUASH AND STRETCH
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SQUASH AND STRETCH
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SQUASH AND STRETCH
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SQUASH AND STRETCH
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TIMING

• http//www.comet-cartoons.com/toons/3ddocs/charani
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TIMING

• NO inbetweens ........... The Character has been
  hit by a tremendous force. His head is nearly
  snapped off.
• ONE inbetweens ......... The Character has been
  hit by a brick, rolling pin, frying pan.
• TWO inbetweens ......... The Character has a
  nervous tic, a muscle spasm, an uncontrollable
  twitch.
• THREE inbetweens ..... The Character is dodging a
  brick, rolling pin, frying pan.

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TIMING

• FOUR inbetweens ........... The Character is
  giving a crisp order, "Get going!" "Move it!"
• FIVE inbetweens ........... The Character is more
  friendly, "Over here.""Come on-hurry!"
• SIX inbetweens ........... The Character sees a
  good looking girl, or the sports car he has
  always wanted.
• SEVEN inbetweens ........... The Character tries
  to get a better look at something.

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TIMING

• EIGHT inbetweens ........... The Charaeter
  searches for the peanut butter on the kitchen
  shelf.
• NINE inbetweens ........... The Character
  appraises, considering thoughtfully.
• TEN inbetweens ........... The Character
  stretches a sore muscle.

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ANTICIPATION
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ANTICIPATION
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ANTICIPATION
http//www.comet-cartoons.com/toons/3ddocs/charani
m/
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STAGING

• In Luxo, Jr. all action was staged to the side
  for clarity.

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STAGING

• Andres scratch was staged to the side for
  clarity.

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FOLLOW THROUGH

• Follow through of Wally Bs feet.

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OVERLAPPING ACTION

• Overlapping action of Wally Bs feet.

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Walt Disney Definition of Overlapping Action

• It is not necessary for an animator to take a
  character to one point, complete that action
  completely, and then turn to the following action
  as if he had never given it a thought until after
  completing the first action. When a character
  knows what his is going to do he doesn't have to
  stop before each individual action and think to
  do it. He has planned in advance in his mind.

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Walt Disney Example of Overlapping Action

• The mind thinks, "I'll close the door - lock it -
  then I'm going to undress and go to bed."
• Well, you walk over to the door
• before the walk is finished you're reaching for
  the door before the door is closed you reach for
  the key
• before the door is locked you're turning away -
  while you're walking away you undo your tie
• and before you reach the bureau you have your tie
  off.
• In other words, before you know it you're
  undressed - and you've done it in one thought,
  "I'm going to bed."

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STRAIGHT AHEAD ACTION OR POSE-TO-POSE

• Pose to pose (Keyframes).
• Animator creates keyframes.
• Straight ahead.
• Characterized by zany action.
• Animator makes one drawing after another.

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SLOW IN AND OUT

• The spacing of the inbetween drawings between the
  extreme poses.

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SLOW IN AND OUT
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ARCS
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EXAGGERATION
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EXAGGERATION
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SECONDARY ACTION
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APPEAL
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APPEAL
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PERSONALITY

• When character animation is successful and the
  audience is thoroughly entertained, it is because
  the characters and the story have become more
  important and apparent than the technique that
  went into the animation.
• the success of character animation lies in the
  personality of the characters.

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CONCLUSION

• the first goal of the animator is to
  entertain.
• The animator must have two things
• a clear concept of exactly what will entertain
  the audience
• and the tools and skills to put those ideas
  across clearly and unambiguously