DICOM

1
DICOM A Preclinical Perspective
AK Narayan, Kishan Harwalkar, Kshitija
Thakar Philips Healthcare, April 09, 2008
2
Agenda

• Introduction to Preclinical
• IMALYTICS Workspace
• Information Model Requirements
• Mapping to DICOM
• DICOM Constraints on Preclinical
• Challenges and Future Work
• Conclusions

3
Research Workflow

• Research is characterized by exploratory and/or
  hypothesis-driven programs often supported by
  grants to either discover or explore new insights
  into biological processes.
• The systematic discovery and development of
  biomarkers, drugs, and therapies that will
  ultimately be translated from animal models to
  human should they prove promising during
  preclinical studies.

Enabled by Pre-Clinical Workspace
Statistically Significant Results
Exploratory or Hypothesis driven
Transition to ...
4
Preclinical Imaging
Researchers are not mouse doctors
Test Bed for new Imaging Technologies
Design and Evaluation of new Biomarkers
(drugs) (diagnosis/therapy)
Fundamental Understanding of Biology/Biochemistry

• small size prototypes
• low capital investment
• POC (proof of concept)

• dynamics and kinetics
• efficacy (candidate
• selection)
• dosing

• transfer in-vitro
• to in-vivo
• verify models

Massoud T.F., Gambhir S.S.Molecular Imaging in
living subjects seeing fundamentalbiological
processes in a new light Genes Dev., 17,
545-580, 2003
Rudin M., Weissleder R.Molecular Imaging in
drug discovery and developmentNat. Rev. Drug
Discov., 2, 123-131, 2003
Gleich B., Weizenecker J.Tomographic Imaging
using the nonlinear response of magnetic
particlesNat., 435(30), 1214-1217, 2005
4
CONFIDENTIAL
5
Imaging applications in drug discovery and
development
Rudin M., Weissleder R.Molecular Imaging in
drug discovery and developmentNat. Rev. Drug
Discov., 2, 123-131, 2003
6
Multi-modality in Preclinical
Massoud Gambhir, Genes Development, 2003
7
Preclinical application needs

• Increasing the productivity, reproducibility, and
  standardization of a
• variety of experimental approaches such as
• Snapshot measurement on a single subject
• Longitudinal studies on the single subject across
  multiple sessions
• Group studies on multiple subjects in the same
  laboratory
• Studies on distributed population groups that are
  done to substantiate the hypothesis.

8
IMALYTICS Workspace

• Multi-modality Preclinical Workstation
• Provides a combined view of the different facets
  of the drug discovery process.
• Provides advanced image analysis,
  quantification, and visualization tools dedicated
  to research and discovery

9
IMALYTICS Modeling requirements

• Data Mining
• Project Oriented View
• Each Preclinical Project will involve multiple
  Subjects with Series of images under each
• Interoperability
• High Interoperability with existing Standards
• High Interoperability with existing Preclinical
  data
• Compatibility
• Extendable for Clinical Trials
• Compatible with existing Clinical Apps

10
Preclinical Real-World Model
1..n
1..n
1..n
1..n
1..n
11
DICOM Clinical Trial Model
1..n
1..n
1..n
1..n
12
Mapping Preclinical Model to DICOM
? Depicts the Conceptual Model of the Preclinical domain
? Data mining at Project Level would be easy
? Less Compatibility with existing clinical applications
? Low Interoperability with clinical DICOM data
Patient
13
Mapping Preclinical Model to DICOM
? High co-relation with DICOM Model
? High Compatibility with existing Clinical Applications
? High Interoperability
? Differs from the Conceptual Preclinical model
? Data mining at Project level is not easy
Patient
14
IMALYTICS Model

• Interoperability
• Easily achievable
• Compatibility
• Can be used for Clinical Trial
• Clinical Apps can be easily integrated
• Data Mining
• Not possible via the Model
• Can be achieved via Software
• Semantic Correlation
• High Correlation with DICOM

Patient
15
Project-oriented Workflow
? Enables Project Oriented View with local Database
? The Project Oriented view can be seamlessly used for Clinical Trials
? Project Oriented View may not be possible with DICOM Network and Media
? Importing a Complete Project in one shot is not possible
16
DICOM Constraints on Preclinical

• Group Studies
• Multiple Subjects are a part of the same Scan
• Sharing the same Study after splitting into
  multiple hierarchy is not possible
• Orientation of individual subject can not be
  represented

17
DICOM Constraints on Preclinical

• DICOM Type 2 attributes may not always be
  applicable in the Preclinical domain
• Patient Birth Date
• Patient Sex
• Referring Physician

18
Challenges and Future Work

• Challenges
• IMALYTICS Model vs. Preclinical model by other
  vendors
• Non availability of Data from different vendors
• Non availability of DICOM Conformance Statements
  for preclinical products
• Future Work
• Extending the IMALYTICS model for Group Studies
• Applicability of the current model for
• Distributed population Study
• Clinical Trials
• Dealing with non-image data like Histology
  (in-silico, in-vitro, ex-vivo)

19
Conclusions

• Preclinical Imaging has emerged recently as a
  powerful tool that enables Clinical Research
• Going forward Interoperability would be the key
  in Preclinical domain (especially for
  translational research)
• Specific platforms to address Interoperability in
  Preclinical (IHE/Connectathon) are required

20
(No Transcript)