Section 301 VOCABULARY REVIEW

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Section 30-1VOCABULARY REVIEW
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• 1. An antheridium produces many sperm, and an
  archegonium produces a single egg.
• 2. Homospory is the production of one type of
• spore. Heterospory is the production of different
• types of spores.
• 3. The integument is a thick layer of cells that
  surrounds a megasporangium. A micropyle is a
  small opening in the integument.

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MULTIPLE CHOICE

• 1. c
• 2. a
• 3. d
• 4. b
• 5. c

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SHORT ANSWER

• 1. Haploid spore, archegonium, antheridium,
  gametophyte.
• Diploid sporophyte, zygote. The gametophyte is
  the dominant phase.

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• 2. The sperm of conifers are not flagellated,
  whereas the sperm of mosses and ferns are. The
  spores of conifers are of two types, whereas the
  spores of mosses and most ferns are of one type
  also, the spores of conifers never leave the
  parent plant, whereas the spores of mosses and
  ferns do.

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• 3. Meiosis produces spores. Mitosis produces
  gametes.
• 4. They have flagellated sperm, which must swim
  through water to reach and fertilize the eggs.

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STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS

• a, sori
• b, sporangium
• c, spores
• d, gametophyte
• e, antheridium
• f, archegonium
• g, zygote
• h, sporophyte

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Section 30-2VOCABULARY REVIEW

• 1. An anther is a male reproductive structure
  that
• contains microsporangia. A filament is a
  stalklike
• structure that supports an anther.
• 2. A stigma is a female reproductive structure
  that
• traps pollen grains in a flowering plant. A style
  is
• a stalklike structure that ends in a stigma.
• 3. Polar nuclei are produced during the formation
• of an embryo sac in a flowering plant. In double
• fertilization, the polar nuclei fuse with one
  sperm
• nucleus while the egg fuses with another sperm.

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MULTIPLE CHOICE

• 1. c
• 2. a
• 3. b
• 4. d
• 5. b

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SHORT ANSWER

• 1. Three of the megaspores degenerate, and the
  fourth forms the structures of the embryo sac.
• Each of the microspores forms a pollen grain.

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• 2. Both gymnosperms and angiosperms wind
  pollination, pollen grain, pollen tube. Only in
  angiosperms animal pollination, fertilization
  quickly following pollination, double
  fertilization, embryo sac, endosperm.

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• 3. Nectar increases a plants chances of sexual
  reproduction since it attracts pollinators.

4. Endosperm provides nourishment for the embryo.
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• 5. Such plants are more likely to have fragrant
  flowers.Most moths and bats are nocturnal, and at
  night it would be easier to find flowers by smell
  than by sight.

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STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS

• a, filament
• b, anther
• c, stigma
• d, style
• e, ovary
• f, receptacle
• g, ovule
• h, sepal
• i, petal

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Section 30-3VOCABULARY REVIEW

• 1. A radicle is an embryonic root in a seed.
• 2. A hypocotyl is the portion of the embryonic
  stem
• between the attachment point of the cotyledons
• and the radicle.
• 3. An epicotyl is the portion of the embryonic
  stem
• above the attachment point of the cotyledons.
• 4. A plumule is the shoot tip and any embryonic
• leaves attached to its tip.
• 5. A hilum is a scar on a seed that marks where
  the
• seed was attached to the ovary wall.

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MULTIPLE CHOICE

• 1. d
• 2. c
• 3. a
• 4. b
• 5. c

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SHORT ANSWER

• 1. raspberry, aggregate fruit pineapple,
  multiple
• fruit pea pod, simple fruit
• 2. Factors and conditions include water, oxygen,
  a
• particular range of temperatures, light, and
  passage
• through an animals digestive tract.
• 3. Advantage many new individuals can be
  produced
• in a short time, enabling clones to fill the
  available
• space. Disadvantage since all of the offspring
  are
• genetically identical, they have the same
  tolerance
• to the environment and are attacked by the same
• diseases and pests.

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• 4. The structures are runners (or stolons),
  rhizomes,
• bulbs, and tubers.
• 5. wind dispersal orchid seeds, milkweed seeds
  animal
• dispersal fruit water dispersal coconuts
• 6. Plant embryos must grow to the soil surface
  before
• they can capture enough light to carry out
  photosynthesis.
• This growth requires energy, which is
• provided by the food reserves in the seed.

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STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS

• a, endosperm
• b, seed coat
• c, cotyledon
• d, plumule
• e, hypocotyl
• f, radicle