CHEE 221 Chemical Processes and Systems

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CHEE 221Chemical Processes and Systems

• Fall 2007
• Instructor Robin Hutchinson
• Dupuis 426
• robin.hutchinson_at_chee.queensu.ca

Website http//www.chemeng.queensu.ca/courses/CH
EE221/
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Information session for New CHEE and ENCH
students Wednesday 12Sept at 430 Dupuis
Auditorium Important stuff about our
department Refreshments will be Provided
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CHEE 260 Engineering Communications A new
course! Delivered in conjunction with core
CHEE courses, includingCHEE 221 Lecturer Mark
Siemonsen, P.Eng., MBA, B.Ed.
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CHEE 221 Chemical Processes and Systems

• CHEE 221 is an introductory course that prepares
  students to formulate and solve material and
  energy balances on chemical process systems at
  steady-state (i.e. no change with time), and is
  the foundation for future courses in
• thermodynamics (CHEE 210, CHEE 311)
• kinetics and reactor design (CHEE 321)
• unit operations and transport phenomena (CHEE
  412)
• process dynamics and control (CHEE 319, CHEE 434)
• The follow-up course, CHEE 222 Process Dynamics
  and Numerical Methods, builds on the material
  learned in CHEE 221, and introduces
• transient (time-varying) behaviour
• larger scale problems ? systems of equations

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Motivation for CHEE 221

• No universally accepted definition of chemical
  engineering exists. Today, almost every type of
  skilled work you can think of employs someone who
  was educated as a chemical engineer. Examples
  are
• Traditional chemical engineering mining, pulp
  paper, oil refining, materials (rubber, plastics,
  etc.), environmental
• Non-traditional chemical engineering
  microelectronics (semiconductor manufacturing),
  biotechnology (pharmaceutical production
  processes, genetic engineering etc.)
• Other medicine, law, business
• A similarity in all the chemical engineering
  systems is that the systems involve processes
  designed to transform raw materials into desired
  products. A typical problem in the design of a
  new or existing process is
• Given the amounts and properties of the raw
  materials, calculate amounts and properties of
  the products, or vice versa (use material and
  energy balances to solve)

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More motivation

• Chemical Engineering involves making stuff
  (reactions) and purifying stuff (separations)
• Examples
• Mining, pulppaper, oil refining, polymers,
  food,
• Power generation (and removal of waste gases)
• Your kidneys (lungs, heart, etc)
• You need to
• Minimize production of unwanted byproducts
• Separate the good (product) from the bad
  (byproducts)
• Recover the unused reactants
• Maximize profit, minimize energy consumption,
  minimize impact on the environment

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A typical (simplified) manufacturing process
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Significance of ME Balances

• ME balances provide a basis for modeling on
  paper (or by computer) systems that would be
  difficult and/or expensive to study in the lab
• ME balances assist in the synthesis of chemical
  processes, and evaluation of design alternatives
• ME balances guide in the analysis of physical
  systems
• ME balances provide a basis for estimating the
  economic costs and benefits of a project
• ME balances play an important role in assessing
  the environmental impact of processes/products in
  our world

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Material and Energy Balances
Accumulation In Out (Generation
Consumption)

• The toolkit for analyzing processes and material
  development required for
• process design, process analysis, process
  control,
• large industrial systems and small biological
  systems
• The concepts are easy, but you need lots of
  practice in order to execute the calculations
  well
• A basic skill that you will use in most of your
  other CHEE courses

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CHEE 221 Objectives

• Given a process description, you will be able to
• draw and fully label a flowchart
• choose a convenient basis of calculation
• identify the subsystems for which balances might
  be written (for a multiple unit process)
• perform a degree-of-freedom analysis for the
  overall system and each possible subsystem
• formulate and simplify the appropriate material
  and energy balance equations and perform the
  necessary calculations
• You should be proficient at performing these
  analyses for single-unit and multiple-unit
  processes, for processes involving recycle,
  bypass or purge streams, and for systems
  involving reactions.

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CHEE 221 Objectives

• Understand and apply the first law of
  thermodynamics (conservation of energy),
  calculate energy and enthalpy changes using
  tabulated data and heat capacities, and construct
  energy balances on closed and open systems.
• Be familiar with basic process terminology
  (batch, semibatch, continuous purge and recycle
  ), standard operations (reaction, distillation,
  absorption, extraction, ), and green engineering
  concepts (life-cycle analysis, design for waste
  minimization, ).
• Have a sense of why these basic skills are
  required and important for all chemical
  engineers, independent of their final career
  choice.

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Buy the textbook ASAP!!
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes
(3rd edition) Richard Felder and Ronald Rousseau

• Mandatory!!! Needed for assignments and followed
  fairly closely in class
• Useful data tables and conversion factors (inside
  covers Appendix B)
• All required concepts covered in text will be
  supplemented by examples from other sources
• Test yourself sections are useful to ensure
  basic knowledge has been assimilated
• CD with book is also useful additional info on
  process equipment, tutorials, data tables,
  equation solver,
• Student workbook contains detailed outlines of
  solutions to selected chapter-end problems

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CHEE 221 (fall 07) Lectures

• Dupuis Auditorium Mon 1230, Wed 1130, Thu 130
• Course concepts, Problem solving procedures,
  Worked examples
• Most lectures will involve problems developed and
  solved on the blackboard (with your
  participation)
• Core material is found in FR you will be
  directed to appropriate sections
• Lecture slides (when used) will be posted on the
  class web-site

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CHEE 221 (fall 07) Tutorials

• Fri at 930, Dupuis 215 and 217
• Dup 215 example problem worked by TA
• posted on website a couple of days before
  tutorial
• Dup 217 chance to ask questions regarding
  material and/or assignments
• Dont worry about A and B section assignments
• Always bring your textbook and calculator
• Office hours will be set-up according to
  assignment due dates and test dates for help
  outside office hours, best to send an email to
  set up a time
• Course TAs
• Di Jia (di.jia_at_chee.queensu.ca)
• Rajesh Parmar (rajesh.parmar_at_chee.queensu.ca)
• Denver Surrao (denver.surrao_at_chee.queensu.ca)

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CHEE221 (fall 07) Evaluation

• Assignments 20
• 6-8 problem sets, only 3-4 will be handed in for
  marking
• Small group assignment (at end of course)
• Okay to work together ? hand in separately and
  mark down your assignment partner(s) name(s)
• Quizzes and Test 40
• In class or tutorial (maximum 50 min), closed
  book
• Week 4 quiz (10) Thursday, 04 Oct
• Week 7 midterm on material balances (20)
  Friday, 26 Oct
• Week 10 quiz (10)
• Final exam 40 (Exam period 05-20 Dec)
• Comprehensive closed book, no notes (3 hours)

Dont make holiday plans until the schedule is
finalized. You must write the exam on the
scheduled day, unless there is a conflict
recognized by the Exams Office (two exams in the
same slot, etc)