Global Media Almanac

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(No Transcript)
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Uses and Grats.

• We are media consumers.
• As consumers we use media to gratify certain
  personal needs and desires.

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Our news media needs

• Surveillance (Breaking News, weather, sports,
  markets, etc.)
• In depth information (investigative reporting)
• Interpretation (Editorial comment)

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Media Bias

• There is no such thing. There is no single bias
  that is shared by all the mass media.
• There is, however, medium bias. Each
  individual medium may well have its own unique
  agenda, culture, and bias.
• If there is one single value that all media
  organizations have in common, it is the objective
  of making money.

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Gatekeepers

• Cameraman decides what to shoot
• Writer decides what to write
• Editor decides what to keep or drop
• Graphic Artist decides what to emphasize
• Director decides what to assign

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U.S. MEDIA ORGANIZATIONS
Media Organization Number in US
Radio Stations 12,270
Television Stations 13,280
Newspapers 9,570
Magazine Publishers 12,000
Book Publishers 12,000
Total 58,000
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TOTAL U.S. GATEKEEPERS
Media Organization Number in US
Radio Stations 12,270
Television Stations 13,280
Newspapers 9,570
Magazine Publishers 12,000
Book Publishers 12,000
Total 58,000
If there are an average of 20 gatekeepers per
organization, then there are over a million
gatekeepers in these organizations.
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through a glass darkly

• Poor journalism is most often the result of
• Laziness
• Incompetence
• Distractions
• Limited News Hole
• Limited resources

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Global Media Almanac

• Working draft
• April, 2006

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ASSOCIATED PRESS
ASSOCIATED PRESS MEDIA news, photos the
largest and oldest news organization in the
world, supplying news and information to over
1,700 newspapers, 5,000 radio and television
outlets in 121 countries worldwide. HISTORY
The Associated Press was founded in 1848 by
Horace Greely, along with David Hale, James
Gordon Bennett, and ten other New York newspaper
publishers. They decided pool their efforts to
receive international news and to make it cheaper
due to the high expenses of a telegraph.
PRINCIPALS AP is not a publicly traded company
but rather is owned by 1,500 daily newspaper
members who elect a board of directors. HEADQUART
ERS New York, N.Y. WEBSITE www.ap.org FINANCIAL
S N/A, but gross sales in 2003 were estimated at
559 million dollars NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES more
than 3,700 employees in 240 bureaus worldwide
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Al JAZEERA
Al Jazeera MEDIA news service, sports
programming, childrens programming, websites
HISTORY Launched in 1996 by the emir of
Qatar PRINCIPALS H.E. Sheik Hamad bin Thammer
Al Thani, Chairman Waddah Khanfar, Managing
Director Hamad Al Nuaimi, Marketing
Director Satnam Matharu, International Media
Relations HEADQUARTERS Qatar WEBSITE
http//english.aljazeera.net/HomePage
FINANCIALS NA / privately held NUMBER OF
EMPLOYEES
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BERTLESMANN
Bertlesmann MEDIA book publishing, television
network, music publishing,radio, magazines,
newspapers HISTORY began in 1835 PRINCIPALS
the Mohn family HEADQUARTERS Gutersloh,
Germany WEBSITE http//www.bertlesmann.com FINAN
CIALS NA privately held NET SALES 17
billion estimated NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES 76,266
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CBS
CBS MEDIA television network HISTORY began
in 1927 HEADQUARTERS New York, N.Y. WEBSITE
http//www.cbscorporation.com FINANCIALS SYMBOL
MARKET TV LATEST PRICE 24.45 NET WORTH
42.0 billion NET SALES 22.5 billion ROI
41.6 CURRENT RATIO
1.09 NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES
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CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR
Christian Science Monitor MEDIA news paper,
website HISTORY began in 1908 by Mary Baker
Eddy PRINCIPALS the First Church of Christ,
Scientist Steve Grey, Managing Publisher Jay
Jostyn, Communication Manager HEADQUARTERS
Boston, Mass. WEBSITE http//www.csmonitor.com F
INANCIALS NA privately held NET SALES
18.2 million estimated NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES 320
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FOX NEWS NETWORK
Fox News Network MEDIA television network
HISTORY Launched on October 7,
1996 PRINCIPALS Rupert Murdock HEADQUARTERS
New York, N.Y. WEBSITE http//www.foxnews.com FI
NANCIALS SYMBOL MARKET TV LATEST PRICE
17.40 NET WORTH 29.4 million NET SALES
23.8 million ROI
7.2 CURRENT RATIO 1.92 NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES
38,000
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GRUPO TELEVISA
Grupo Televisa MEDIA television network, tv
stations, radio, film studios, cable tv,
satellite tv, publishing, Internet, sports and
entertainment promotions HISTORY Founded in
1955 PRINCIPALS the Azcarraga
family HEADQUARTERS Mexico City,
Mexico WEBSITE http//www.televisa.com FINANCIAL
S SYMBOL MARKET TV LATEST PRICE 74.75 NET
WORTH 3.05 billion NET SALES 2.62
billion ROI
14.2 CURRENT RATIO 1.44 NUMBER OF
EMPLOYEES 14,100
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NBC
NBC MEDIA television network, film studios
HISTORY David Sarnoff founded National
Broadcasting Company in 1926. With 80 of the
company now owned by General Electric through a
merger in 1986, NBC is Americas largest
television network and is in combined ventures
with Vivendi Universal, best known for Universal
Pictures and Universal Studios. PRINCIPALS
Ironically, NBCs merger with GE brought the
company back to its roots, as it became partners
with a company founded by Thomas
Edison. HEADQUARTERS Rockefeller Square, New
York City WEBSITE http//www.nbc.com FINANCIALS
While individual records for NBC are not
available, General Electrics financial
information provides a full description of the
company as a whole, under which NBC is
included SYMBOL MARKET GE LATEST PRICE
34.74 NET WORTH 84 billion NET SALES
151.3 billion ROI
18 CURRENT RATIO .87 NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES
307,000
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REUTERS
Reuters MEDIA news service, financial
information services HISTORY began in 1851 by
Paul Julius Reuter PRINCIPALS the Reuters
Trust HEADQUARTERS London, England WEBSITE
http//www.reuters.com FINANCIALS SYMBOL
MARKET RTRSY LATEST PRICE 40.42 NET WORTH
10 billion NET SALES 8.1 billion ROI
10.1 CURRENT RATIO
.94 NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES 15,000
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TASS
TASS MEDIA news, photos Russian news service
ITAR-TASS also runs a photo service, the largest
in Russia, with access to photos of the latest
breaking news as well as an extensive photo
archive reaching as far back as the early
1900s. HISTORY founded 1904 in St. Petersburg
The agency as it stands today was officially
named ITAR-TASS in 1992 after the collapse of the
Soviet Union and the proclamation of sovereignty
by a democratic Russia. ITAR stands for
Information Telegraph Agency of
Russia. PRINCIPALS Vitaly Ignatenko,
ITAR-TASSs Director General HEADQUARTERS
Moscow It has over 130 bureaus throughout Russia
and the world as well as contact with 80 foreign
new agencies. WEBSITE http//corp.itar-tass.c
om/eng/main.html FINANCIALS n/a
private NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES Prime-TASS (the
business news division) has 250 employees in
Russia and throughout the world.
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FLYER MEDIA
FLYER MEDIA MEDIA news paper, websites, radio,
cable television HISTORY Flyer News and Flyer
Radio began in 1950s, FlyerTV
began in 1997. PRINCIPALS University of
Dayton provides facilities,
faculty advisors, and staff support Students
manage and operate the
organizations. HEADQUARTERS Dayton,
Ohio WEBSITES http//www.udayton.edu/flyer-tv F
INANCIALS NA privately held, non-profit
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In-depth information needs

• Is there a relationship between the global oil
  industry and the global war on terror?
• Is it religious and cultural differences that are
  causing the conflict between the Mid East and the
  West?
• Are economic issues causing the conflict?
• Are technology issues causing the conflict?
• Are political issues causing the conflict?

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An example of in-depth questions

• When an oil company buys a tanker load of crude
  oil from an Iraqi oil field, who is actually
  selling that oil? How does that income impact an
  Iraqi citizen?
• How many Iraqi citizens have jobs connected with
  the drilling, storage, and shipping of crude oil?
  How does the pay for these jobs compare with
  that of other jobs in Iraq?
• What percentage of the Iraqi population depend on
  the oil industry for their livelihood? Do
  certain religious or ethnic groups command most
  of the Iraqi oil industry jobs?
• At some point perhaps decades from now when
  the crude oil industry begins to decline, what
  will happen to the Iraqi economy?

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Technology questions

• A barrel of crude oil contains approx. 42 gallons
  of oil. How many gallons of refined gasoline
  will this yield?
• Other consumer products are derived from oil
  refining plastics, kerosene, diesel oil, naptha,
  aromatics, medical bases, asphalt, etc. Where
  will we get these products, when the supply of
  crude oil is gone?