Municipal solid waste and Hazardous waste

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Municipal solid waste and Hazardous waste
There is nothing more fearful than ignorance in
action. -Goethe
Picture McKinney et al. 2006
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Chapter objectives

• Traditional means of waste management
• Garbage as source of revenue for poorer
  communities
• Dealing with waste in future
• Hazardous waste

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Solid waste

• Solid waste household garbage, trash, refuse
  and rubbish, but also include various semisolids,
  liquids and gasses resulting from mining,
  agricultural, commercial, and industrial
  activities.
• Sewage is not solid waste, but the sludge
  resulting from treatment of sewage is treated as
  solid waste.
• Solid waste municipal solid waste industrial
  solid waste
• Solid waste is either hazardous or nonharzardous

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Traditional means of waste management

• Incinerate
• Problems Dioxins, heavy metals and other toxic
  substances
• Dumps and landfills
• Problems Laechate, methane gas
• Deep-well injection

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Future means of waste management

• Source reduction
• Reduce generation of waste products
• Reuse
• Washing and reusing beverage containers
• Recover and Recycle
• Using waste as raw materials for secondary
  industrial processes, such as melting aluminum
  cans and using the metal to manufacture something
  else.
• Open-loop recycling substances can only be
  recycled to an extend (paper and plastic
• Closed-loop recycling substances can be recycled
  indefinitely (glass and metals)C
• Paper vs. Plastic bags?????
• Composting of organic waste
• Waste treatment and Incineration
• Recovering energy when waste is burned
• Proper storage and disposal of incinerated
  products

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Hazardous waste
Sampling water from a cyanide-poisoned lagoon.
Figure McKinney et al. 2006
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Hazardous waste
An evacuated home in the Love Canal community,
Niagara Falls, New York.
Figure McKinney et al. 2006
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Hazardous waste
Table McKinney et al. 2006
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Bioremediation of hazardous waste

• Bioremediation is the use of organisms (bacteria
  and other small organisms) to clean or reduce
  unwanted concentrations of certain substances