Architectures GSMUMTS

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Part 6 - Fourth Generation Mobile Phones
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In memory - Iridium
7 billion

• Motorola design 77 satellites on 7 orbital
  planes, 11 satellites at 33 degrees
• 4000 km between each satellite
• Iridium atomic number 77
• Final constellation 66 satellites (Iridium
  still used)
• Low-orbit satellites (780 to 800 km)
• 7 billion constellation
• Misjudged competition and mispredicted technology
• poor marketing service far too costly
• Bankrupt in 2000
• Sold to the US Army

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Contents

• Design Cycles
• 4G What For?
• Data Rate
• From 3G to 4G
• Modulation
• 4G System Performance

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1. Design Cycle
Technico-economical analysis
5 years
From S. Tabbane, Ing Réseaux Cellulaires, Hermes,
2002
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1. Design Cycle
Soccer World Cup
Customers
Pragmatism
Late majority (your teacher)
Immaturity
Visionneers
Latest
Pioneers
2003
2006
2009
2012
2015
2018
Year
6
2. 4G systems what for?
Augmented reality
High speed internet Visioconference Multimedia
streaming Download files Laptop Network games
True Comm.
News in Real Time
Emails 24/24h
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2. 4G systems what for?

• Television and multimedia
• Car assistant
• Localisation for security
• Credit card, transport card
• Community
• Network games
• Blogs
• Instant pictures, comments to web

Keiji Tachikawa, Perspective on the Evolution of
Mobile Communications NTT DoCoMo, IEEE
Communications Magazine October 2003
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2. 4G systems what for?
Very Simple Mobile
Sophisticated Mobile
New technology Technology lover TV (0.25
/mn) Performance lover Read magazines Download
goodies High price Localization
technology Improve connection
Immediate services Voice, MP3 Video if free Zero
technique Zero support Low price Localization
services Simple connection
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3. Data Rate
Bandwidth (b/s)
4G 20 M
We are Here
Average bandwidth
100M
HSUPA 4 M
HSDPA 1.0 M
10M
UMTS 120 k
1M
100k
GPRS 64k
GSM 14k
10k
Year
1996
2000
2002
1998
2004
2006
2008
2010
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3. Data Rate
http//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/3G

• 3G
• W-CDMA
• UMTS
• CDMA 2000 1xEV
• 3,5G
• HSDPA
• 3,75G
• HSUPA
• 4G
• HC-SDMA
• WiMax

High Speed Downlink Packet Access In France 3,5G
(3G) 1.8 Mbit/s started in 2006 on SFR and
Orange networks
High-Speed Uplink Packet Access Bouygues Télécom
started in 2007 2-5.8 Mbit/s Uplink, 5-14
Mbit/s Downlink.
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3. Data Rate
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4. From 3G to 4G
Content Provider
GSM operator
Content Provider
Service Provider
Service Provider
Service Provider
Service Provider
4G operator
UMTS operator
4G operator
Transport Provider
Service Provider
Transport Provider
Transport Provider
Access Provider
Transport Provider
Access Provider
Access Provider
Access Provider
Subscriber
Subscriber
Subscriber
Subscriber
User
User
User
2G
3G
4G
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4. From 3G to 4G
UE
Gateway
WCDMA
ATM/IP SWITCH
Node B
RNC
MSC
IPv4
3G Wireless Infrastructure
Gateway
UE
ATM/IP SWITCH
Node B
OFDMA
IPv6
4G Wireless Infrastructure
Virtual RNC Virtual MSC
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5. Modulation
Software and hardware update of base stations
Node B Software update of Radio Network
Controller W-CDMA 1 channel per UE HSDPA 14
channels shared dynamically
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5. Modulation
WCDMA to OFDM
2006 4G will be based on OFDM, W-CDMA will be
abandonned (LTE group, 3gpp)
OFDM Orthogonal frequency Division Multiplexing
Used in Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11a, Wi-Max 802.16
WCDMA multiply the signal in time domain that
spread the signal in frequency domain
OFDM multiply the signal in frequency domain
that spread the signal in time domain
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5. Modulation
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5. Modulation
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5. Modulation

• OFDM is a block transmission system
• Offers flexibility in modulation and multiple
  access
• Robust in Multipath environments
• Suitable for High Bit Rate applications
• (ref Dr.S.Srikanth, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna
  University, Chennai)

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5. Modulation
Frequency-Domain-Multiple-Access
Time-Domain-Multiple-Access
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6. 4G System Performance
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6. 4G System Performance
8 U
10-15 U
3G
Parent
Voice
15-40 U
3G
3.75G
Nano
25-50 U
WiMax
Pico
100 U
WiFi
500 U
Packet
4G
U bit/s/km2/Hz
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6. 4G System Performance
Challenges in the Migration to 4G Mobile Systems,
Suk Yu Hui, City University of Hong Kong IEEE
Communications Magazine December 2003
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6. 4G System Performance

• Twin-technology coverage
• Parent using 2G, 3G, WiMAX for real time delivery
• Pico-cell for high data rate transfer
• Sufficient allocated bandwidth
• Smart sharing mechanisms
• OFDM, MIMO
• Distributed architecture with mixed technologies
• Convergence between fixed and mobile phones
• Advanced Roaming Strategies

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Conclusion

• 4G systems under construction, to be deployed in
  2010
• Convergence Voice/Packet
• High speed internet, Visio-conference,
  TV/Multimedia streaming
• 20 Mb/s to be reached by 2012
• Multi-provider service
• Multi-technology coverage