Redundancy%20Principle

1
Redundancy Principle

• Information delivery theory incorrect
  assumption about learning that it is about adding
  information.
• Multimedia learning cognitive theory build
  connections between graphical and verbal input

2
Redundancy Principle (Contd)

• Exceptions
• No graphics
• Pace is slow enough for the learner to process
  all the input from the visual channel
• Learner cannot effectively process the spoken
  words
• Content that needs to be referred to at a later
  time

3
Coherence Principle

• Incorrect application of arousal theory make
  multimedia presentations more engaging by
  embedding irrelevant entertaining materials
• Avoid extraneous sound, pictures, words to reduce
  load on working memory
• Consequences of extraneous materials
• Distraction
• Disruption
• Seduction