Who benefited from the Marshall Plan

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Who benefited from the Marshall Plan ?

• MS. LARSEN
• FLINN MIDDLE SCHOOL
• ROCKFORD, IL

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U.S. fears following WWII

• Spread of communism
• Return of the Great Depression

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Soviet Communist Threat To U.S andWestern
Europe Following WWII

• Western European Conditions
• HUNGER
• POVERTY
• DESPAIR

• May cause Western Europeans to vote their own
  leaders into office who would align their
  country with the Soviet Union.
• May cause the spread of communism.

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UnderstandingCapitalism vs. Communism

• CAPITALIST THEORY
• Businesses, farms and industry are privately
  owned by individuals who profit from the sale
  of goods produced.
• Individuals pay for the labor of the workers. Pay
  is based on the efficiency and the skill of
  the worker.
• This system creates a social and economic class
  system.

• COMMUNIST THEORY
• Workers, as a community, own and run all
  businesses, industry and farms. Economically all
  people would benefit equally.
• Socially this creates a classless society with
  great freedom where all people would be
  considered equal.

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Communist Theory to Practice
Karl Marx publishes the Communist Manifesto
promising a workers paradise
Communist Theory
Vladimir Lenin seizes control of agrarian Russia
imposing limited liberty
Marxist-Leninism
Stalin takes control of Russia Forces
industrialization on the agrarian
society Centralizes power and takes away freedoms
from most Takes control of Eastern Block contries
Stalinism
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The Marshall Plan

• PURPOSES
• Provide Europeans with an attractive option to
  communism
• Make the U.S. look good by giving Europeans hope
  by providing for immediate needs of the people
• Provide financial opportunities for the U.S. to
  later trade with European nations
• Cause Stalin (Soviet Union) to put up a wall
  dividing Europe which aided containment of
  communism
• Cause friction between Stalin and satellite
  countries by forbidding acceptance of U.S. aide

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Marshall Plan

• Offered to all European countries including
  Eastern Block countries
• Provided grants rather than loans to purchase
• Food
• Fuel
• Manufactured goods
• Marshall Plan made up 10 of the U.S. budget

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Eastern Block Countries
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Expected Outcomes of the Marshall Plan

• "The Marshall Plan is very much a business plan.
  . . ," it concluded. "At its root is an office
  and factory and warehouse job. The Marshall Plan
  means work, and you will be one of the workers.
• Kiplinger Magazine, a publication for business
  people, 1948

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U.S. and WESTERN EUROPEAN TRADE
U.S. gives grants to Western Europe
W. Europeans have money to purchase goods to
rebuild
W. Europeans continue to trade with the U.S.

• U.S. companies and farmers sell goods to Europe

U.S. economy flourishes W. Europeans rebuild
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PEACE WITHOUT FEARSECURITY AND COOPERATION

• DANISH POSTER
• CELEBRATIN G
• THE MARSHALL PLAN

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Tell me what you know.

• 1. Evaluate the political cartoon.
• Tell what you see
• Tell what each item /person /symbol represents.
• At what audience is the political cartoon aimed
  ?
• What did the artist want you to understand?
• 2. You are a U.S. Citizen. Choose one job from
  the list below and tell how the Marshall Plan
  will help you.
• Secretary Factory Worker
• Banker Factory Owner
• Farmer Politician
• Merchant shipper
• 3. How did the Western European people or nations
  
• benefit from the Marshall Plan?
•  

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Bibliography

• Gaddis, John Lewis. The Cold War. New York.
  Penguin.2005.
• http//www.loc.gov/rr/print/swann/herblock/images/
  s03386 u.jpg
• http//www.loc.gov/exhibits/marshall/images/p4647.
  jpg
• http//www.loc.gov/exhibits/marshall/mars10.html
• Painter, David. The Cold War An International
  History. New York, Rutledge. 1999.