Integrated Blood Glucose Monitor and Insulin Dosage Device

1
Integrated Blood Glucose Monitor and Insulin
Dosage Device

• Group 22
• Members Elizabeth Ochoa
• Nicole Wilson
• Jennifer Yu
• Mentor Dr. Garry Tobin
• Associate Professor
• Washington University School of Medicine
• BME 401 Engineering Design
• October 22, 2007

2
Introduction Diabetes Mellitus

• A disease in which the body either does not
  produce or effectively process the hormone
  insulin 1
• Crucial in the metabolism of sugars, starches,
  and other foods 1
• Required for the uptake of glucose into cells
  1
• Incurable but treatable chronic condition 1
• Affects 20.8 million Americans 1
• Prevalence has nearly tripled in the last 25
  years 2

3
Complications of Diabetes

• Heart Disease and Stroke
• Diabetic Retinopathy
• High Blood Pressure
• Diabetic Neuropathy
• Kidney Disease
• Complications of Pregnancy
• Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Source Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Fact Sheet 2
4
Project Scope

• Overcoming barriers to self-monitoring of blood
  glucose
• Insurance coverage3
• Lack of patient education4
• Socioeconomic background5
• Usability/Convenience
• Motivation
• Pain/Frustration5
• Develop a blood glucose monitoring system with
  the capacity to store crucial long-term data
• Eliminate the problem of mentally calculating and
  manually adjusting insulin dosage

5
Design Specifications

• Functions
• Measure blood glucose levels
• User-input foods to be consumed
• Output insulin dosage
• Long-term storage of input/output data
• Downloadable data
• Cost lt50

6
Design Specifications

• Lancet with adjustable penetration depth 28
  gauge 6,7
• LED screen high contrast, 128 x 64 character
  display 8
• Audio Output 30-90 decibel capability
• Memory Storage 16 MB
• Button Controls soft plastic, 4 mm raised above
  surface, 6 mm separation

7
Design Specifications Categories to Determine

• Test Strips
• Dietary Input
• Insulin Dosage Device
• Data Storage
• Device User Interface
• Data User Interface
• Data Transfer Mechanism
• Power Supply
• Overall Device Size
• Drivers and Software

8
Design Specifications Test Strips

• Three options currently commercially available
• Drum Load 9
• Multiple strips loaded at once
• Larger size
• 3 cm diameter, 5 cm height
• Pinwheel Load 10
• Multiple strips loaded at once
• 7.5 cm diameter, lt1 cm in thickness
• Individual Load 11
• 5 cm height, 2 mm thickness

9
Design Specifications Dietary Input

• Must contain input ability for
• Carbohydrates
• Calories
• Sugars
• Fat
• Record time and date of input
• User Input Options
• Button Input
• Pressure Sensitive Touch Screen
• Resistive/Capacitive Grid and Stylus

10
Design Specifications Insulin Dosage Device

• Requirements
• Must have 3 mL insulin storage 12
• Options
• Patient load hypodermic needle from vial
• Patient dial dosing Pen 12
• Auto-set dosing Pen 12

11
Design Specifications Data Storage

• System Data
• Glucose Monitor
• LED functions
• Pen dosing
• Collected Data
• 2250 data points
• Time
• Date
• Dietary intake
• Blood Glucose level
• Insulin dose
• Means of Storage
• ROM
• RAM
• Solid State

12
Design Specifications Device User Interface

• Options for data input
• Screen Prompt and Buttons
• Current device technology 9,10,11,12
• Pressure Sensitive Touch Screen
• GPS devices, PDAs 13
• Resistive/Capacitive Grid and Stylus
• Similar to the LeapFrog LeapPad Books 14

13
Design Specifications Data User Interface

• Requirements
• Easy to visualize
• Display graphs and tables of data
• Black-boxed for user
• Options
• Excel
• Matlab
• Text file

14
Design Specifications Data Transfer Mechanism

• Requirements
• High Speed
• Low Cost
• Easy to Use
• Universal
• Options
• USB 1.0 15
• 12 Mbit/sec
• USB 2.0 15
• 480 Mbit/sec
• Firewire 16
• 800 MBit/sec

15
Design Specifications Power Supply

• Requirements
• Portable
• Easy to replace
• Inexpensive to replace
• Options
• AA Batteries
• Silver Oxide17
• Rechargeable batteries

16
Design Specifications Overall Device Size

• Current
• Glucose monitor
• Lancets
• Test Strips
• Log book
• Dietary facts book
• Insulin/ Insulin Dosing Device
• Calculator
• Pen
• Design
• Glucose Monitoring/ Insulin Dosing Book
• Test Strips

17
Design Specifications Drivers and Software

• Must be compatible with 18
• 32 bit OS
• 64 bit OS
• Windows Vista
• Windows XP
• Windows 2000
• Software
• Download data to patient directory
• Interface between device and Excel

18
Project Schedule
19
Team Organization

• Beth Progress Presentation Hardware
  Integration Software Compatibility User
  Manual
• Jennifer Preliminary Presentation Nutrition
  Research Patient Questionnaire IP Research
• Nicky Final Presentation Data
  Exporting CAD Drawings Website

20
References

• American Diabetes Association. http//www.diabetes
  .org/about-diabetes.jsp. October 20, 2007.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
  National diabetes fact sheet general information
  and national estimates on diabetes in the United
  States, 2005. Atlanta, GA U.S. Department of
  Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease
  Control and Prevention, 2005.
• Bowker, S. L, et. al., Lack of insurance
  coverage for testing supplies is associated with
  poorer glycemic control in patients with type 2
  diabetes. CMAJ. 2004 July 6 171(1) 3943.
• Fertig, B.J., et. al. Therapy for Diabetes.
  National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and
  Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health.
  http//diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/america/pdf/
  chapter25.pdf
• Zgibor JC, Simmons D. Barriers to blood glucose
  monitoring in a multiethnic community. Diabetes
  Care. 2002 Oct25(10)1772-7.
• Schraga Steven. Lancet having adjustable
  penetration depth. U.S. Patent 6156051.
  November 1999.
• Taylor William C. Lancing device causing
  reduced pain. U.S. Patent 6045567. February
  1999.
• Jameco Electronics. http//www.jameco.com/webapp/w
  cs/stores/servlet/ProductDisplay?langId-1storeId
  10001catalogId10001productId658953. October
  20, 2007.
• ACCU-CHEK Compact Plus Blood Glucose Meter.
  http//www.accu-chek.com/us/rewrite/content/en_US/
  2.1.74/article/ACCM_general_article_3257.htm.
  October 20, 2007.
• Diabetes Support form Bayer Breeze2.
  http//www.bayerdiabetes.com/us/prodServ/products/
  breeze2/index.asp. October 20, 2007.
• LifeScan OneTouch Ultra Blood Glucose Meter.
  http//www.lifescan.com/products/meters/ultra/.
  October 20, 2007.
• Eli Lilly Diabetes Insulin Pens.
  http//www.lillydiabetes.com/product/insulin_pens.
  jsp?reqNavId5.5. October 20, 2007.
• Howstuffworks How do touch-screen monitors know
  where youre touching? http//electronics.howstuf
  fworks.com/question716.htm. October 20, 2007.
• Patents RE38,286 6,661,405 6,668,156
  5,686,705 5,575,659.
• Universal Serial Bus. http//www.usb.org/home.
  October 20, 2007.
• Hardware Drivers Firewire. http//developer.ap
  ple.com/hardwaredrivers/firewire/index.html.
  October 20, 2007.
• Energizer Silver Oxide Application Manual.
  http//data.energizer.com/PDFs/silveroxide_appman.
  pdf. October 20, 2007.
• OS Platform Statistics. http//www.w3schools.com/b
  rowsers/browsers_os.asp. October 20, 2007.