All Sky Infrared Telescope, AKARI ASTROF

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All Sky Infrared Telescope, AKARI (ASTRO-F)

• Hyung Mok Lee (Seoul National University)
• and
• AKARI Team

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OUTLINE

• Overview Telescope, Focal Plane Instruments,
  Orbit and Observing Modes
• Uniqueness
• Current Status Launch, Attitude and Orbit
  Control System, Cryogenics, Detectors of Far
  Infrared Surveyor, Schedule
• Science Programs Large Area Surveys, Mission
  Programs, Open Time Programs

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OVERVIEW
Illustration in Newton Magazine
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The Project

• Primary Institute Japan Aerospace Exploration
  Institutes (JAXA)/Institute for Space and
  Aeronautical Science (ISAS)
• Collaborative Institutes in Japan
• - University of Tokyo
• - Nagoya University
• - Communications Research lab.
• - National Astronomical Observatory (NAOJ)
• International Collaboration
• - Seoul National University (Pre- and
  post-flight simulations/data reduction)
• - ESA (Pointing reconstruction)
• - European Consortium (Imperial, Open Univ.,
  Groningen data reduction)

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Telescope

• Mirror
• 68 cm, F/6
• SiC
• 1" Quality

• Cryogenic System
• 170 liter LHe Stirling Cooler
• T(tel) lt 6 K,
• T(detector) 1.8 K (st. GeGa), 15 K (InSb)

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Focal Plane Instruments

• IRC Near- and Mid-IR Camera
• FIS Far-IR Surveyor

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Orbit and Observing Modes

• Sun Syncrhonous Orbit with a7081.093 km
  e0.002102013 
• Altitude 750 km
• Orbital Period 100 minutes
• Max Pointings 3 / revol.
• Pointing Obs.
• lt 10 min per pointing

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UNIQUENESS

• Simulated image at FIR by Jeong, W.

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Features

• All sky survey in mid to far infrared
• Higher sensitivity and resolution compared to
  IRAS (e.g., 0.5-0.8 compared to 6 at far IR)
• Wide field of view compared to Spitzer for near
  and mid infrared imagers (10 x 10 compared to
  5 x 5)
• Wide and continuous wavelength coverage from near
  to far IR (2-170 microns, Spitzer has MIR gap)
• Wide field spectroscopic capability in far IR.
• Nearly continuous spectroscopic coverage from
  near to Far-IR.

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AKARI Sensitivity
Spitzer cannot cover this range
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Large survey volume
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CURRENT STATUS
Lift off on Feb. 21, 2006, 2128 UT
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Launch and Orbit

• Launch February 21, 2006 2128 UT
• Initial Orbit
• - apogee 750 km
• - perigee 180 km
• - inclination angle 98 deg.
• Boost orbit operation has been successful
• - Current orbit has e0.002 with altitude of
  750 km

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First Stage Separation at 75 sec.
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Cryogenics

• Major Operations
• Vent valve open 230sec after the launch
• Mechanical Cryocooler Operation
• Summary
• - Cryogenic system is operating as expected
• - But the delay of APLD Jettison may shorten the
  observations slightly (550 days was the original
  plan )

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Schedule

• Aperture Lid Open April 13, 2006 (delayed by
  more than one month)
• Survey started in early May, 2006
• Phase 1 First 6 months of observations devoted
  to all sky survey (until early November)
• Phase 2 Remainder of the lifetime (sometime late
  August?) Mostly pointed observations for Mission
  Programs, and open time programs.

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SCIENCE PROGRAMS
Stephans Quintet, a nearby cluster, seen by
Spitzer Telescope
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All Sky Survey

• Four bands in Far-IR 65, 90, 140, 160 mm
• Two bands in Mid-IR 9, 20 mm
• Sky coverage 90 with more than 2 scans
• Data Products
• - Point Source Catalogues
• (1) flux catalogue of IRAS sources
• (2) Bright Source Catalogue
• (3) Faint Source Catalogue, etc
• Other possible products
• Advanced Faint Source Catalogue, Extended
  Source Images, etc

AKARI
IRAS
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NEP Survey

• The nature of sun-synchronous orbit allows very
  deep surveys in NEP and SEP regions.
• NEP survey is intended to study the dusty star
  formation history, mass assembly and large
  structure evolution of the universe to high
  redshifts (up to z4)
• NEP survey consists of 0.5 sq. deg. deep survey
  (nearly confusion limited) and wide area (6.2 sq.
  deg.) shallow survey
• It will be supplemented by the spectroscopic
  survey Mission Program.

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NEP Survey Area
Green Wide Pink Deep Yellow CFHT Optical Survey
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SEP Survey

• LMC is located near SEP, and most part (15 sqaure
  degree) of the LMC will be covered by this survey
• Study star forming regions, supernova remnants,
  evolved stars, and interstellar medium
• Data product
• - Point source catalogue
• - Faint source catalogue
• - Mosaic images
• - Spectroscopic data

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SEP Survey Area

• Five filter bands
• Near IR Prism
• 866 Pointings

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Mission Programs

• Legacy programs of AKARI organized by working
  groups.
• Covers wide areas of astronomy
• - Solar System Objects, including Zodiacal dusts
• - Stars
• - ISM, Star Forming Regions
• - Nearby galaxies
• - Distant galaxies and blank fields
• Total Pointings gt2200 (including the NEP and SEP
  surveys)
• One pointing can be used up to 10 minutes
  integration

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Open Time Observations

• Total 1100 pointing opportunities
• 500 reserved for European communities
• 600 for Japanese and Korean astronomers.
• Program for individual researchers

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Sample Images from Press Releases
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Mid-IR all sky survey
AKARI 9 mm IRAS 12 mm
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Reflection Nebula IC 4954
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Spiral Galaxy M81
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Largest Reflection Nebula IC1396
2 deg x 2 deg
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Dust around a star
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LMC
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Color
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SUMMARY

• AKARI is performing all sky survey now
• Capable of mapping large areas with better
  sensitivity, higher resolution and
  wider/continuous wavelength coverage from near to
  far infrared than previous missions
• Complementary to Spitzer in mid-IR imaging, in
  addition to the all sky survey which is unique to
  AKARI.
• Initial results papers are being written now and
  will be published by the end of summer this year.
• A series of point source catalogues will be
  released soon after the completion of the
  mission.
• They will be basic catalogues for upcoming large
  aperture IR space telescopes (Herschel, JWST,
  SPICA)