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IPv6 Mobility Support

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Tags: computer | ipv6 | mobility | support | technology

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Title: IPv6 Mobility Support

1
IPv6 Mobility Support

2
Contents

3
Mobility background

Mobile devices with Internet connectivity are
becoming increasingly common.
Mobile phones are becoming Internet capable.
Mobility in cellular systems and WLANs is
currently handled mostly on the link layer and is
invisible to applications and Internet Protocol
(IP) layer.
Trend for multiple network interfaces in mobile
devices.

4
IPv6 addressing and mobility

IPv6 addresses consist of two parts a 64-bit
network prefix and a 64-bit host suffix.
Network prefix of address depends on location.
When a host moves from one IP network to another,
it needs to change the network part of its
address.
Issues with reachability, session continuity.

Identifies the network to which host is connected
Identifies host within the network.
5
Why do Mobility Management in IP layer

Inter-network handoffs require changing of IP
address
Roaming between different operators networks.
Inter-technology handoffs (WLAN GPRS/UMTS).
Ability to choose between multiple IP networks
allows a user/device to choose the best network
for the situation
Cheapest
Fastest
Best coverage

6
Mobile IPv6

Mobility support in IPv6 (RFC 3775)
Mobile node (MN) is a mobile device with an IPv6
home address
Correspondent node (CN) is a computer with which
mobile node communicates using its home address.
Home Agent (HA) helps MN to manage its mobility
Mobile node can always be reached at its home
address, regardless of its point of attachment
(care-of address) to the Internet.
Connections made with home address survive
movement between different IP networks.

7
Mobile IPv6 addressing

IP addresses act as both an identifier for a node
and as a locator.
Mobile IPv6 separates the identity, home address
of mobile node from its locator, known as care-of
address (CoA).
Without Mobile IPv6 MN can not use its home
address for sending and receiving packets when it
is outside its home network.
Mobile IPv6 uses IP-IP tunneling to create a
virtual network between its CoA and HA, so that
MN always appears to be in its home network.

8
Reverse Tunneling

IPv6 in IPv6 tunnel is used for delivering
traffic to and from home address of MN via HA.
HA uses proxy neighbor discovery to redirect
packets on home link destined to home address of
MN to its own link layer address.
HA keeps track of the care-of address of MN to
deliver packets to MN.

9
Mobile IPv6 operation
10
Route Optimization in Mobile IPv6

Tunneling of traffic between MN and CN via home
agent is not efficient.
HA is a potential bottleneck
Extra routing hop increases network latency
Route optimization (RO) allows MN and CN to
communicate directly
MN sends a BU to CN.
MN and CN use home address option and routing
header, type 2 to send packets to each other.
Route optimization is secured using return
routability protocol.

11
Mobile IPv6 Implementations