Surfactants and Detergents

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Surfactants and Detergents
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Density
mass
Density
volume
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Density
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Surface Tension
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Surface Tension
Due to forces which attract molecules to each
other.
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Surface Tension
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Soaps
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Soaps
Have a polar end hydrophilic and a
nonpolar end hydrophobic
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Soaps are surfactants
Surfactants - substances that accumulate at the
surface of a liquid and affect its surface
tension
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A Micelle
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Detergents
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Detergents and Micelles
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Formation of Esters
Carboxylic acid
alcohol
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Formation of Esters
Carboxylic acid
alcohol
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Formation of Esters
Carboxylic acid
alcohol
H acid catalyst
Ester
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Formation of Esters
Carboxylic acid
alcohol
H acid catalyst
Ester
This reaction is reversible
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Saponification
Reaction of esters with base to form a salt
ester
base
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Saponification
Reaction of esters with base to form a salt
ester
base
salt
alcohol
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Formation of Soap
triglyceride (fat or oil)
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Formation of Soap
triglyceride (fat or oil)
glycerol
soap
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Common Fatty Acids
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Soap Scum
Soap
Ca2
Scum
Na
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Surfacants
Lower the surface tension by interfering with the
attractive forces between molecules
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Synthetic Detergents
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Soap vs Synthetic Detergents
A SOAP
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Synthetic Detergents
A DETERGENT
A SOAP
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Synthetic Detergents
A DETERGENT
A SOAP
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Ingredients
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Ingredients
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Doing the Laundry
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Doing the Laundry
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Doing the Laundry
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Doing the Laundry