Chemical Bonding

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Chemical Bonding
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Periodic Table

• The periodic table lists all elements found in
  our environment
• Each element is represented by a symbol
  consisting of one or two letters
• Two or more elements may join together to produce
  a compound (fixed ratio)
• The table is arranged by atomic number,
  decreasing from left to right along a period

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Periodic Table

• Elements in Group 1 are called alkali metals
• Elements in Group 2 are called earth metals
• Elements in Groups 3 12 are called transitional
  elements
• Elements in Group 17 are called halogens, which
  are nonmetals
• Elements in Group 18 are called noble gasses,
  which are nonmetals

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Periodic Table

• Orbitals d and f are being filled in the
  transitional elements
• A colored ion generally indicates the presence of
  a transitional element
• An element with both metallic and nonmetallic
  properties are called semimetal or metalloid

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Periodic Table

• The atomic size decrease as you move from left to
  right across the period due to increase positive
  nuclear charge.
• The atomic size increases as you move down the
  group due to new energy levels.

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Chemical Bonding

• Ionic vs. Covalent Bonding
• When nonmetals chemically bond they do so by
  sharing electrons. This bond is called a
  covalent bond. When an active metal and a
  nonmetal bond, the active metal transfers one or
  more electrons to the nonmetal. This bond is
  called an ionic bond. Ionic compounds are also
  called salts.

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Chemical Bonding

• Using the periodic table, identify whether the
  following compounds are ionically or covalently
  bonded

• 1. CaCl2
• 2. BaCl2
• 3. MgO
• 4. HCl
• 5. NaI
• 6. P4
• 7. NaCl
• 8. N2

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Chemical Bonding (answers)

• 1. CaCl2
• 2. BaCl2
• 3. MgO
• 4. HCl
• 5. NaI
• 6. P4
• 7. NaCl
• 8. N2

• Ionic
• Ionic
• Ionic
• Covalent
• Ionic
• Covalent
• Ionic
• covalent

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Lewis Dot Diagrams

• Lewis Dot Diagrams indicate the number of valence
  electrons around an atom.
• Na Cl N
• Group Assignment