A

1
Origin Node
Destination Node
hut 3
OXC
OXC
hut 1
hut 2
hut 4
?1
D M U X
D M U X
M U X
M U X
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
?20
(?1 - ? 20)
(?1 - ? 20)
TE
TE
Figure 1. A Simple Link With Amplification and
Regeneration for 20 Wavelengths
2
link
segment
segment
span
span
span
Origin Node
Destination Node
A
A
A
A
150km
150km
150km
150km
150km
150km
Figure 2. A Link Architecture that Satisfies the
Rule for a Link Budget of 150 km.
3
segment
Origin Node O/E/O conversion
Destination Node O/E/O conversion
Intermediate node 1 no O/E/O conversion
Intermediate node 2 no O/E/O conversion
DPMD1
DPMD2
DPMD3
fiber type 1
fiber type 2
fiber type 3
d1 km
d2 km
d3 km
Figure 3. Example of Fibers with Different DPMD
Values in a Single Segment
4
Link and segment
span
span
span
Amplification
Amplification
Glassthrough
Origin Node O/E/O conversion
Destination Node O/E/O conversion
hut 1
hut 2
hut 3
62 km
64 km
55 km
73 km
119 km
Figure 4. Amplification Requirements using a Link
Budget of 120
5
supply
d1
dn
d2
0
dn1
Origin Node With Amplification hut 0
Destination Node With Amplification hut n1
x0
x1
x2
x3
hut n
hut 2
hut 1
y2
y1
yn
yo
yn1
Sink
demand
-?i di
Figure 5. Hut Selection Network Model
6
Figure 6. Example Network
7
1
3
5
2
4
6
Figure 7. Demand Routings
8
Figure 8. The Opaque Network Design (930TEs,
37As, 18 MUX/DMUX, Total Cost 79,920)
9
TE
TE
OXC
OXC
40
A
80
A
80
A
80
80
A
A
TE
Node 1
Node 2
Local Ports
Local Ports
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
OXC
OXC
80
80
A
A
40
A
80
A
80
A
20
A
80
A
40
A
Local Ports
Node 4
TE
Node 3
TE
Figure 9. Opaque Network Design Node
Architectures for Nodes 1 - 4
10
TE
OXC
OXC
80
A
40
40
A
A
40
A
20
A
TE
TE
TE
TE
Local Ports
Local Ports
Node 5
Node 6
Figure 10. Opaque Network Node Architectures for
Nodes 5 and 6
11
75 TEs Node 1
60 TEs Node 5
100 TEs 25 Rs Node 3
145 ? s
100 ? s
55 ? s
40 ? s
70 ? s
70 TEs Node 6
Node 4
25 ? s
30 ? s
95 TEs Node 2
Figure 11. The All-Optical Network (400TEs,
100Rs, 39As, 22 MUX/DMUX, Total Cost 54,530)
12
OXC
OXC
80
40
A
A
80
A
80
80
A
A
TE
TE
TE
TE
Node 1
Node 2
Local Ports
Local Ports
OXC
OXC
80
A
80
A
40
A
80
A
80
A
20
A
40
A
80
A
Local Ports
Node 4
TE
TE
Node 3
Figure 12. All-Optical Node Architectures for
Nodes 1 - 4
13
OXC
OXC
80
A
40
40
A
A
A
20
A
TE
TE
TE
TE
Local Ports
Node 5
Node 6
Local Ports
80
80
80
80
A
A
A
A
80
20
Hut 1
Hut 14
Figure 13. All-Optical Node Architectures
14
Figure 14. US Test Network
15
Figure 15. North American Network