TRANSNATIONAL MANAGEMENT: Lecture 4

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TRANSNATIONAL MANAGEMENTLecture 4

• Management vs. Leadership in transnational
  settings and contexts
• 7th December 2009

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Todays course agenda

• What is leadership?
• Leadership vs. management
• Summary of leadership theories
• Cross-cultural leadership
• Some research on cross-cultural leadership
• PG visiting practitioner

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1. What is leadership?

• How would we define leadership?
• What are the main elements of leadership?
• Whos a leader?
• In which settings does leadership occur?

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I. Defining leadership

• Burns (1978) one of the most studied,
  researched and least understood phenomena
• Stogdill (1974) leadership has as many
  definitions as there are persons trying to define
  it
• Hemphill Coons (1957) an individuals
  behavior, directing group activities towards a
  shared goal
• House Shamir (1993) the individuals ability
  to motivate members of the group to replace self-
  interest with a collective vision and to act
  towards achieving that shared vision
• Zagorek (2004) a leader-follower influence
  process, where the leader influences, motivates
  and facilitates group organization activities
  toward goal achievement, mostly by non-coercive
  methods

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II The main elements of leadership

• Leadership as a group phenomenon
• Interactive relationship between members
• An influence-based process of interaction
• Behavior towards a common (shared) goal or vision

• Leader characteristics
• Follower characteristics
• Situational characteristics

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III. Whos a leader?
http//www.youtube.com/watch?vTuuTlQ0FzEU
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IV. Where does leadership occur?
And is particularly important in MNCs
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V. Leadership important to MNCs

• How to juggle 3 balls? How to juggle 60 balls?

Leading?
Managing?
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Management vs. leadership
Leadership Leadership is about
CHANGE! Machiavelli There is nothing so
difficult or so dangerous as to undertake the
CHANGE of the order of things!
Management Production of acceptable results
within KNOWN constraints and conditions!
http//www.youtube.com/watch?vNBZtM63i5xofeature
related
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2. Summary of leadership theories

• Trait approach what are the personal traits of
  leaders?
• Behavior approach how does a leader behave?
• Contingency theory situation moderates between
  leader and followers
• Transnactional approach Leader-member Exchange
  Theory
• Neocharismatic and transformational leadership

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3. Leadership across cultures

• An individual and growing theoretical area within
  leadership and cross-cultural research, as well
  as int. management
• Question of universality vs. cultural contingency
  of leadership practices?
• Influence of culture (Zagorek, 2004)

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The GLOBE research project

• GLOBE Global Leadership Effectiveness Research
  Programme
• Developed by R. House in 1993
• Looking at
• Social and cultural contexts
• Organizational culture context
• Organizational leadership dimensions
• Data gathered
• 17,000 middle managers
• 950 organizations
• Variety of industries
• 62 countries

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Elements of leadership 1/2
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Elements of leadership 2/2
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4. Some cross-cultural leadership research
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Data on culture Slovenia