Objectives of this presentation

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Objectives of this presentation are

• To learn where and how the orchids grow wild in
  Mexico to help us understand how WE can grow
  them.
• To learn the basic WANTS of the orchids and how
  to manipulate them so they will grow well here in
  middle America.
• To apply knowledge of the orchid species origin
  to their WANTS.
• To answer as many questions as you can so you
  get plenty of Vanilla beans.
• To have a good time!

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Showy Mexican Orchid Species for Middle America
Where they come from and how they grow. For the
Mid-America Orchid Congress
Welcome to Mexico!
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EPIPHYTES don't grow here!
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70 of Mexico is Desert to Semi-desert
You dont like it!
Orchids dont like it!
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HOT WET HOT SEMIHUMID DRY VERY DRY COOL
SEMIHUMID COOL HUMID
General Climates of Mexico
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Tampico
Mexico City
G u a t e m a l a
shaded area is greatest diversity and
populations
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Lets take a quick trip South!During this trip
you will

• See the transition of landscapes from the border
  to the heart of orchid country.
• Learn the 5 ways orchids grow in the wild and see
  representatives of each.
• Observe the different climate zones and seasons
  and their effects on the vegetation.
• Learn which orchids are easier to grow.

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PEMEX
GAS. UP
BEFORE.. LEAV.ING
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Distance between communications are great in the
beginning!
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The Gulf coastal plain up to 300 miles from
Texas, looks like this.
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Of the vehicles!
The first 400 miles are always a killer
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The only secure transportation!
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A major vortex for...
Cerro del Bernal
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As you cross the Tropic of Cancer the climate
changes. It becomes moister and the vegetation
begins to abound. This picture was taken on
the highway between Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas
and Ciudad Mante, San Luis Potosi, Just a few
miles south of the Tropic of Cancer.
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Sierra Huasteca
Aquismon, San Luis Potosi
Unidentified Flying Orchids
A major crossroads for UFOs
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Mi casa es tu casa!
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Shaded area is warm Cool is towards the interior
Tropic of Cancer
Sierra Huasteca
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Lowland Sierra Huasteca, west of Aquismon
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Can you guess what Encyclia might resist a snow
fall?
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Albaluz alba form
normal dark form
Encyclia parviflora
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Enc. parviflora Albaluz 1500 fls. in a 4 pot
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Chysis bractescens in growth and flower.
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near Aquismon, SLP
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Lycaste consobrina
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How about this one?
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Brassavola
cucullata
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What is This?
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Encyclia radiata
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Female
Male
Catasetum integerrimum
Photo by Dr. T. Tjoa
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genus
Guess the species
Myrmecoph i La
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tibiscinis
mainly from the Gulf Coast states north to
Tamaulipas
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Whats the name?
Oncidium cebolleta
Hint species named onion leaves
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Oncidium
luridum
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How about this one near Aquismon?
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Common on the gulf slope to the coast Flor de
Mayo
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s p h a c e l a t u m
O n c i d i u m

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Going west, up the Sierra from Aquismon 2-3,000
ft.
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Encyclia mariae
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Laelia anceps anceps
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Heading south and east from Aquismon at sea level
towards the coast and Veracruz
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• Here is THE BORDER OF TEXAS

Tampico

• the last picture was here

• El Tajin (next picture) is here

Mexico City

• Veracruz City

• Atlixco

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El Tajín near Poza Rica, Veracruz
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Gulf of Mexico
State of Veracruz
El Tajin
Veracruz
Pico de Orizaba
Cordoba
Puebla
Popo
Maltrata
Atlixco
desert
State of Oaxaca
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The Gulf Coast at Boca de Ovejas, 40 miles north
of Veracruz City.
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Shaded area is warm Cool is towards the interior
Tropic of Cancer
Fortin area
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HOT WET HOT SEMIHUMID DRY VERY DRY COOL
SEMIHUMID COOL HUMID
General Climates of Mexico
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Brassia
verrucosa
Pico de Orizaba
Pico de Orizaba
18,000 ft
3000 FEET
Fortin, Veracruz
S
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ORCHIDS WITHOUT PSEUDOBULBS
Isochilus linearis
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Dichea glauca
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Pico de Orizaba
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4500 ft
Maltrata, Veracruz
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Epidendrum
From above Maltrata
parkinsonianum
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Govenia superba
This picture was taken near Maltrata, Veracruz.
Govenia superba
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Cold!
Alamania punicea
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Manuelitas!
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Do you know this one?
Encyclia
vitellina
A VERY COLD GROWER
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What is this species from Central Oaxaca?
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Rhynchostele galeottiana
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Querretaro central plateau
Its too cold and too dry here for orchids
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Popo
Ixta
Late Fall after Summer rains
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Springtime in Atlixco - DRY
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Laelia
gouldiana
From one desert valley in Hidalgo State.
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albida
Laelia
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Come on! They smell like citrus, and just 5 pesos!
What might they be? Encyclia -------?
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Encyclia citrina
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Barkeria lindleyana
Theyre just a little harder to grow
Require a definite rest period
these are cool!
On the left subspecies Vanneriana
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Laelia furfuracea, as sold in the market plazas
of Oaxaca during Xmas holidays. Note that the
stems are cut below the psuedobulbs.
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gheisbreghtiana
A genus named after a country. What do you think
it is called?
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Found close to Oaxaca City, 25 years ago and
never seen again!
Rhynchostele galeottiana
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Catasetum laminatum
Central Oaxaca appx. 4000 ft
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Now we cross the great high and dry central
plateau
BUT, before moving down to the lowland Pacific
coast where warmer species grow,
lets look at a few neat west coast cooler
growers you can grow in Northern middle America.
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Hint Genus now Cuitlauzinia, species name for
hanging inflorescence What is it?
pendula
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Isnt this a magnificent Epidendrum?
What do you think it is called?
Epidendrum
magnificum
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Have you ever seen this one?
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How about Hagsatera brachycolumna
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Laelia anceps dawsonii chilapensis
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Laelia crawshayana
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Rio Balsas region of Guerrero state
The West Coast in August
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Puerto Angel Oaxaca state
The West Coast in May
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Shaded area is warm Cool is towards the interior
Tropic of Cancer
Pacific slope
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HOT WET HOT SEMIHUMID DRY VERY DRY COOL
SEMIHUMID COOL HUMID
General Climates of Mexico
Pacific slope
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Roadside habitat of?
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Myrmecophila
Encyclia
g a l e o t t i a n a
trachycarpa
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Encyclia trachycarpa
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New Genus name?
Myrmecophila
Albaluz
species name?
galeottiana
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Barkeria dorothea
Pacific coast, Jalisco only
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Barkeria shoemakeri
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Encyclia atrorubens
Central Guerrero
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Encyclia nizandensis
Pacific coast, Guerrero to Nayarit
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Bees pollinating Mormodes badia
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Encyclia lancifolia
Pacific coast, Oaxaca to Nayarit
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Laelia aurea
lowland Nayarit
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And headed for the Final Frontier Chiapas!
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Half way finished!
How bout a break?
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I'm Hungry!!!
A quarimundi
Oh well. maybe not as much as this baby Tejon
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Ever had a Tlayuda?
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Tlayuda Factory
TLAYUDAMAKER
Tuxtepec Oaxaca
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TLAYUDA COOKING
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TLAYUDA DISAPPEARS
No !!! Thats Cheese!
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W.A.N.T.S.

• Water quality, quantity (when and how much)
• Air quality, quantity (when and how much)
• Nutrition quality, quantity (ditto!)
• Temperature daily and seasonal.
• Sunlight quantity (duration and intensity)
• fine tune D. I. M.
• Disease, Insects, Media

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Only one thing makes me dizzier than this
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Chubby
Blonde
Pole Dancers!
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Chiapas has more orchids than any other state in
Mexico!
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And headed for the Final Frontier Chiapas!
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Chysis limminghei
Chysis aurea
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Encylia aromatica
The most aromatic Encyclia.
What is it called?
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That was a lat a work choppin this tree down!
Hint a lat a flowers!
Take the picture! IM BURNING UP MAN!
Whats it called?
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alata!!!!
alata!!!!
alata
Right! Encyclia alata
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the orchids?
Can you spot
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Encyclia cordigera
On the left is Chiapas south form and on the
right is from Oaxaca
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Can you guess what this is?
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E n c y c l i a
s e l l i g e r a
How about this one!
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recognize this one?
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Lockhartia oerstedii
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recognize this one? Genus maybe?
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How about! Sobralia fragrans
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SobraLia
?
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Sobralia macrantha
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xantholeuca
Sobralia x_____? Yellow flowers
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What are the 5 ways orchids grow in the wild?
Review! hints
first letter

• T---------l
• A-----c
• L--------e
• E------e
• S--------e

Acronym
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Terrestrial
Cypripedium irapeanum
Cypripedium molle
Hint Cypripediums
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Aquatic
Habenaria repens
Hint, these are water hyacinths
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Lithophyte
rock
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Right!
Epiphyte
hint - thats an orchid
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Another hint This is what the orchid sees!
S ?
Saprophyte
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This concludes the Mexican species presentation
for theMid-America Orchid Congress
My Unicorn is calling !
BUT!
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If I can Bug Ya a little more!
I'd like to show you some previews from a few
other shows?
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IF YOU LIKE?If not, JUST HIT ESCAPE TO STOP THE
SHOW!

• Conservation or Conversation!
• Tropical Flowering Cymbidiums!
• LaBlab - Growing Orchids from seed!
• Vanilla The Edible Orchid!
• YES! We blow up ballons in all of them!

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Conservation !orConversation?Consumption be
done about it?Maybe it just was?Have you had
your Tlayuda today?
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Before
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AFTER
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Permitted
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Prohibited
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Phase One
Phase Two
Willie!
result
action
At least Mormodes can grow!
But God forbid you touch one!
Permitted
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PROHIBITED
Naughty
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CHOP
BURN
Permitted
Permitted
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Plant Salvage
Prohibited
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Greenhouse growing
Controlled!!!
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HOW MANY ORCHIDS DID THIS VOLCANO DESTROY?
At least a million! Last time I counted
anyway! says Ralph!
A local UFO zips past the Popo early one morning
in this timed shot.
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Well,, i guess well just keep movin along !
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LaBlab
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WHAT DO WE DO WITH ALL OF THESE?
WHAT DO WE DO WITH ALL OF THESE PLANTS?
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Tropical Flowering Cymbidium
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Dustin among the Tropical Cymbidium
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From where natives fly!
Comes the WorLds Best FLavor
Voladores Totonacos
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The Vanilla Story -

• History in Mexico and around the world
• Culture in Mexico
• Harvesting Vanilla is easy, curing the bean and
  extracting the fragrance is a story in itself!
• I spent over a year studying this crop, for an
  international spice firm, in its native region
  near Poza Rica, Veracruz.
• I would love to share what I learned with you!

-
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Months of involved curing
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SUPPORT YOUR LOCAL ARTIST
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Including your favorite Dentist
Visit www.painlessdentalwork.com
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we
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Thank You
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Thank You Very Much!
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