CELL PROCESSES

1
CELL PROCESSES

• What keeps them alive?

2
Moving Cellular Materials

• Cells have a _____ membrane that regulates what
  goes into or out of the cell.
• Passive transport - the movement of substances
  through a cell membrane _____ the use of energy.

3

• Diffusion - when molecules move away from areas
  where there are more of them into areas where
  there are _____ of them stops when molecules of
  one substance are spread evenly throughout
  another substance and _____ occurs.
• Osmosis - the diffusion of _____ through a cell
  membrane.

4

• In facilitated diffusion, _____ move substances
  into and out of the cell.
• Active transport requires _____ to move
  substances through a cell membrane.
• Endocytosis - the process in which a substance is
  taken into a cell by surrounding it with the
  _____, forming a sphere called a vesicle.
• Exocytosis - the process in which the membrane of
  the vesicle fuses with the cells membrane and
  the vesicles contents are _____ the cell.

5

• Photosynthesis - the process that plants and
  other organisms use to convert _____ into
  chemical energy or sugars to be used as food.
• _____- organisms that make their own food _____-
  organisms that cant make their own food.
• Chlorophyll and other pigments are used to in
  photosynthesis to capture _____ which is used to
  produce sugar and _____.

6

• Respiration - the process in which chemical
  reactions break down food molecules into simpler
  substances and ____
• Respiration of carbohydrates begins in the _____.
• Carbohydrates are broken down into _____.
• Each glucose molecule is broken down into two
  _____ molecules, releasing energy.

7

• Respiration moves into the _____.
• The two simpler molecules are _____ again,
  releasing much more energy.
• This process uses _____ and produces CO2 and
  water as waste.

8

• Fermentation - cells that do not have enough
  oxygen for respiration use this process to
  release some of the stored energy in _____
  molecules.
• Entire process occurs in the _____.
• Produces _____, _____, and carbon dioxide as
  wastes.

9

• Photosynthesis and _____ - almost the opposite of
  each other.
• Photosynthesis produces __________, which are
  used in respiration.
• Respiration produces __________, which are used
  in photosynthesis.

10
permeable
11
without
12
fewer
13
equilibrium
14
water
15
Transport proteins
16
energy
17
Cell membrane
18
Released outside
19
Sunlight energy
20
producers
21
consumers
22
sunlight
23
oxygen
24
Released stored energy
25
cytoplasm
26
Glucose molecules
27
simpler
28
glucose
29
cytoplasm
30
Lactic acid, alcohol
31
mitochondria
32
Broken down
33
oxygen
34
respiration
35
Sugars and oxygen
36
Carbon dioxide and water