RADITIVE%20CONSTANTS%20OF%20HgI,%20HgII%20and%20HgIII%20SPECTRA%20Kiril%20Blagoev%20Institute%20of%20Solid%20State%20Physics,%20Sofia,%20BULGARIA

1
RADITIVE CONSTANTS OF HgI, HgII and HgIII
SPECTRAKiril BlagoevInstitute of Solid State
Physics, Sofia, BULGARIA
2

• Introduction
• Radiative Constants of Hg I States
• Radiative Constants of Hg II States
• Radiative Constants of Hg III States
• Conclusion

3
Experimental methods for lifetime and transition
probabilities determination

• Lifetimes
• - time evolution of the population
• Beam foil/laser
• time resolved method
• electron excitation
• laser excitation ( LIF)
• Width of the excited states
• Hanle method

Transition probabilities Branching ratio ?I
1/?Aik Aik (1/?i)(Ii/?Ij)
4
Lund Laser Centre Time Resolved Laser Induced
Fluorescence Equipment
5
LIF Signal from ZrIII Excited State
6
Experimental set-up for delayed coincidence
method electron excitation
t2
t1
7
Deacay curve of the HgII 7p2P1/2 state
8
Madrid University LIBS Equipment
9
LIBS Spectrum of Ag II
10
Grotrian diagram of HgI
11
Table 1. Radiative Lifetimes of np1P states of
HgI(ns).
  Experiment Experiment Experiment Experiment Experiment Theory
State 1 LIF 2 e-ph 3 ?1/?Aik 4 BF 5 BF 6
6p1P 1.3 1.35 1.27 1.2
7p1P 26 12
8p1P 72 38
9p1P 10 10
10p1P 55.6 51 41
1. K. Blagoev et al proc. SPIE, v.
5256,164(2002) 2. G. C. King et al J. Phys. B
B8, 365(1975) 3. W. J. Alford et al Phys. Rev
A36, 641(1987) 4. E. H. Pinnington et al
Canadian J of Physics, 66, 960(1988) 5. T.
Anderson et al JQSRT 13,369(1973) 6. P. Hafner
et al J. Phys. B 11, 2975(1978)
12
Table 2. Radiative Lifetimes of n3P states
of HgI(ns).
Experiment Experiment Experiment Theory
State 1 DC 2002 2 Hanle, 1975 3 , ?1/?Aik 1987 4
8p3P0 248 213
8p3P1 167 61 42 177
8p3P2 156 95 145
9p3P0 339
9p3P1 135 79 124
9p3P2 41
10p3P2 375 44
1. K. Blagoev et al Proc SPIE,v5226, 164(2002),
Proc. EGAS34,186(2002) 2. E. Alipieva et al
Opt. Sprctr. 43,529(1977) 3. W. J. Alford et
al Phys. Rev A36, 641(1987) 4. P. Hafner et
al J. Phys. B 11, 2975(1978)
13
Table . Radiative lifetimes of Beutler states
of HgI (ns)
State Transition ?, nm 1 DC 2 Hanle 3 ? 1/?Aik
5d96s26p 1D2 6p1D2 - 7s3S1 612.3 1480 1600
5d96s26p 1P1 6p1P1 - 7s1S0 671.6 5.3 4.5
5d96s26p 3P2 6p3P2 - 7s3S1 1529.5 160
5d96s26p 3F4 6p3F4 - 6d3D3 1813.0 450

1. K.Blagoev et al Proc. SPIE, v4397, p. 256(20010
2. G. Goullet et al, C. R. Acad. Paris 259,
   93(1964)
3. W. J. Alford et al Phys. Rev A36, 641(1987)

14
Table Transition probabilities in HgI (108 s-1).
Transition ??nm 1 2 3  4  5
    1989 1978 1980    
63P1-61S 253.6 0.08 - 0.13  0.08  0.083
61P1-61S 184.9 - -    1.9  7.6
73S1-63P0 404.6 0.208 0.186 0.18 0.21   
73S1-63P1 435.8 0.558 0.424 0.4 0.56   
73S1-63P2 546.0 0.485 0.595 0.56  0.49  
71S1-63P1 407.8 0.041 0.043 0.041  0.04  
71S1-61P1 1014.2 0.271 0.283 -  -  
63D1-63P0 296.7 - 0.477 0.45  0.85  
63D1-63P1 313.3 - - -  0.0063  
63D1-63P2 366.3 - - -  0.046  
63D1-61P1 578.9 - - -  0.42  
63D2-63P1 312.6 0.65 0.532 0.51  0.66  
63D2-63P2 365.5 0.184 - -  0.18  
63D2-61P1 576.9 - - -  0.24  
63D3-63P2 365.0 1.28 - -  1.3  
5d96s26p1P1-61S 126.8 9.2 2.1
1. E. C. Benck et al, JOSA B6(1), 11(1989) 2.
E. R. Mosburg et al, J. Q. S. R. T. 19,
69(1978) 3. W. L. Wiese and G. A. Martin,
Wavelengths and transition probabilities for
atoms and atomic ions Part II(NIST -1980) 4. R.
Payling et al Optical Emission Lines of the
Elements (John WileySon LTD, 2000) 5. A. Smith
et al Phys. Rev,A33, 3172(1986)
15

• Introduction
• Radiative Constants of Hg I States
• Radiative Constants of Hg II States
• Radiative Constants of Hg III States
• Conclusion

16
Grotrian Diagram of HgII - 5d10nl States
17
Grotrian Diagram of HgII 5d10nl and 5d96s6p
States
18
Table Radiative Lifetimes of 5d10nl States of Hg
II (ns)
State ?, Å Transition 1 DC 1988. 2 BF 1976 3 BF 1988 4 BF 1993 4 Theory 1993
7s2S1/2 7s2S1/2 6p2P3/2 1.99
6p2P1/2 1942.3 6p2P1/2 6s2S1/2 2.91
6p2P3/2 1649.9 6p2P3/2 6s2S1/2 1.80
7p2P1/2 7944.5 7p2P1/2 6s2S1/2 18.8(12) 14.5 2.05HF,22.86c
7p2P3/2 6149.5 7p2P3/2 6s2S1/2 3.1(2) 1.2 3.12HF,2.17c
6d2D3/2 1869.4 6d2D3/2 6p2P1/2 1.15
6d2D5/2 2224.7 6d2D5/2 6p2P3/2 1.9 1.56
5f2F5/2 5425.2 5f2F5/2 6d2D3/2 3.2(2) 2.7
5f2F7/2 5677.2 5f2F7/2 6d2D5/2 8.6(9) 7.6
6g2G 6291.3 6g2G - 5f2F7/2 26.8(20)
1. K. B. Blagoev et al Phys. Rev A13,4683(1988)
2. T. Anderson et al , JQSRT 16, 521(1976) 3. E.
H. Pinnington et al Canadian J of Physics, 66,
960(1988) 4. S. J. Maniak et al Phys. Lett.
A182, 114(1993)
19
Dependence of radiative Lifetimes vs effective
principal quantum number (n) for ns2S, np2P,
nd2D, nf2F and ng2G series of HgII.
K. B. Blagoev et al Phys. Rev A13,4683(1988)
20
Table Radiative Lifetimes of 5d96s6p States of
HgII
State ????,nm Transition 1 DC 2 ion trap 1990 3 Theory 1999
State ????,nm Transition 1984,1986 2 ion trap 1990 3 Theory 1999
5d96s2 2D3/2 198.0 2D3/2 - 2S1/2   8.8ms  
5d96s2 2D5/2 281.5 2D5/2 - 2S1/2   87ms 69.8ms
5d96s6p(J9/2)       60ms 97.4ms
5d96s6p 15/20 226.2 15/20 - 2D5/21 250(6)    
5d96s6p 21/20 205.3 21/20 - 2D5/21 39(1.5)    
5d96s6p 35/20 291.6 35/20 - 2D3/21 150(6)    
5d96s6p 105/20 214.8 105/20 - 2D3/21 46(3)    
2D3/23 448.7 2D3/23 - 15/20 10(0.5)    
2D5/2 363.8 2D5/2 - 15/20 6.0(0.6)    
2D7/22 295.7 2D7/22 - 4P5/2 27(2)    
4D1/22 300.4 4D1/2 - 43/20 5.0(0.5)    
4D7/23 347.3 4D7/23 - 54P5/2 4.3(0.4)    
5d96s7s45/2 240.7 45/2 - 77/20 3.2(0.4)    
5d96s7s55/2 354.9 55/2 - 243/20 3.3(0.3)    
1.K. Blagoev et al Phys. Lett A106, 249(1984),
A117, 185(1986) 2. A. Calamai et al Phys. Rev
A42, 5425(1990) 3. T. Brage et al , The Astrph.
J. 513, 524(1999)
21
Table Transition Probabilities in Hg II spectrum
(108 sec-1)
Transition ?,nm 1 Theory 2 Theory 3 Theory 4 BF-ANDC 5 LIF
6p2P1/2 6s2S1/2 194.2 5.3 7.5 3.44 3.8
6p2P3/2 6s2S1/2 165.0 8.5 12 5.56
7p2P1/2 6s2S1/2 92.33 - 6.5 0.006
7p2P3/2 6s2S1/2 89.30 - 0.575 1.076
7p2P1/2 7s2S1/2 794.4 0.47 0.43 0.395
7p2P3/2 7s2S1/2 614.9 0.87 0.7 0.453
6d2D3/2 - 6p2P1/2 186.9 7.5 10.5
6d2D3/2 - 6p2P3/2 225.3 1.2 1.2
6d2D5/2 - 6p2P3/2 222.5 7.1 7.5 6.4
7s2S1/2 - 6p2P1/2 226.0 1.3 3.0
7s2S1/2 - 6p2P3/2 284.8 2.3 2.95 ? 5.03
1. R. Payling et al Optical Emission Lines of
the Elements (John WileySon LTD, 2000) 2. C.
Sansonetti and J. Reader Physica Scripta
63,219(2001) 3. J. Migdalek, Can. J. Phys. 54,
2272(1978) 4. E. Pininngton et al, Can. J Phys.
66, 960(1988), 5. W. M. Itano et al, Phys.
Rev. A59,2732(1987)
22

• Introduction
• Radiative Constants of Hg I States
• Radiative Constants of Hg II States
• Radiative Constants of Hg III States
• Conclusion

23
Grotrian Diagram of Hg III
24
Table Radiative lifetimes (ns) and transition
probabilities(105s-1) in HgIII
State Transition ?,Å ?,Exper. ?,Theory Aik,Exper. Aik,Theory
112 (3P2) 112-12o(3P2) 6501 2480(120) 1250 3.55 7.0
112-23o(3F3) 7517 0.48 1.0
101 (3P1) 101-12o(3P2) 5210 1660(100) 600 6.00 16.0
101-41o(3P1) - 0.8
124 (1G4) 124-20o(3F3) 4797 2100(130) 580 4.76 17.0
132 (1D2) 132-12o(3P2) 3312 2250(150) 760 2.43 4.0
132-23o(3F3) 3557 1.62 1.0
132-32o(1D2) 6584 0.26 -
132-41o(3P1) 6610 0.13 -
132-81o(1P1) - - 4.0
132-62o(3F2) 7808 0.20
140 (1S0) 140-81o(1P1) 3090 473(20) 120 20.6
140-111o(3D1) 4181 0.2 -
140-41o(3P1) 2480 - 0.02
K. Blagoev et al Phys. Lett A117, 185(1986)
A118,232(1986)
25
Table Radiative Lifetimes of 5d96p states of
HgIII(ns)
State E, cm-1 Transition ?,Å ?,exp. ?,theory
5d96p3D1 134998 5d96p3D1-5d10 1S0 740.75 0.90 0.700.63
5d96p1P1 126556 5d96p 1P1-5d10 1S0 790.17 0.52 0.280.26
5d96p 3P1 118607 5d96p 3P1-5d10 1S0 843.11 1.20 1.000.88
D. J. Beideck et al Phys. Rev. A47, 884(1993)
26
Excitation functions of HgIII 5d86s2 5d96p
spectral lines
27
Excitation functions of HgIII 5d86s2 5d96p
spectral lines
HgI(5d106s2) e ? (Hg2) 5d86s2 3e,
HgI(5p65d106s2 ) e ? (Hg) (5p55d10 6s2 )
2e ? (Hg2)5d65d86s2 3e
ionization
autoionization
28
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29

• CONCLUSION
• The most accurate values for transition
  probabilities have been obtained by Branching
  Ratio and normalising them by excited state
  lifetimes observed by Laser Induced Fluorescence.
• One has to be careful when the different sets of
  data from different papers are used.
• In some cases, due to the cancellation effects or
  strong electron configuration mixing the real
  transition probabilities or radiative lifetimes
  could differ considerably from calculated one.
• If there are some difficulties or suspicious of
  choosing the best set of data it is better to ask
  colleagues from WG Fundamental data.

30
Table Radiative Lifetimes of nd States of HgI(ns)
State Experiment Experiment Experiment Experiment Experiment Experiment Theory Theory Theory
  1LIF 2LIF 3LIF 4LIF 5BF 6LIF 1 1999 2 2002 7 1978
  1999 2002 1980 1989 1988 1986 1 1999 2 2002 7 1978
6d1D2     10.9   14 10.6 8   17
3D1   6.8     6   4 5.6 6.9
3D2       9.3 8.8 9.2 7   7
3D3       7.8 6.8   8   7.9
7d1D2 38.3   40 34.9   37 37   50
3D1   17         11 14 16
3D2 17.3     18.1   17 16   17
3D3       18.2     20   18
8d1D2 122   126       82    
3D1   32         24 32  
3D2 35.8           31    
3D3             38    
91D2             144    
3D1   56         47 48  
3D2 55           59    
10d3D1   84           88  
3D2 59.4                
1. K. Blagoev et al, Physica Scripta
60,32(1999)E.Phys. J, D13,159(2001) 2. K.
Blagoev et al Phys. Rev. A66,032509(2002), 4. E.
C. Benck et al, JOSA B6(1), 11(1989), 5. E.
Pinnington et al, Can. J Phys. 66, 960(1988) 6.
M. Darrach et al, JQSRT 36,483(1986) 7. P.
Hafner et al J. Phys. B 11, 2975(1978)
31
Table 1. Radiative Lifetimes of ns States of HgI
(ns).
State Experiment Experiment Experiment Experiment Theory Theory
1LIF 2002 2e-ph 1975 3LIF 1980 4LIF 1989 1 2002 5 1978
7s1S 31.0 30.3
3S 8.0 7.7 8.0 7.4 8.4
8s1S 84 63
3S 24.2 22.1 20 21
9s 1S 142
3S 53 22 39
10s1S
3S 92 52
1. K. Blagoev et al Phys. Rev. A66,032509(2002),
2. G. C. King et al, J. Phys. B8,653(1975) 3. F.
Faisol et al J. Phys. B13, 2027(1980) 4. E. C.
Benck et al, JOSA B6(1), 11(1989) 5. P. Hafner
et al J. Phys. B 11, 2975(1978)
32
Table Electron impact cross sections for 5d86s2
States of HgIII(10-18cm2)
State E, cm-1 Transition ?,Å Qik Qi
112 118926 112 12o 6501 0.14 0.16
122735 112 23o 7517 0.02
101 126468 101 - 12o 5210 0.18 0.18
124 133731 124 - 23o 4797 1.30 1.30
132 132 - 12o 3312 0.19 0.35
132 - 23o 3557 0.12
132 32o 6584 0.03
132 41o 6610 0.01
132 62o 7808 0.02
140 158909 140 - 81o 3090 0.14 0.14
K. Blagoev et al Phys. Lett A118,232(1986)