Chapter 1 Law

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Chapter 1 Law Society
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Why do we study law

• you need to know what the law is and what your
  rights are
• you need to know how the legal system works
• to ensure that the legal system serves the public

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Rules differ from laws

• rules do not apply outside the game
• laws apply to the entire community
• rules are not enforced by the courts
• laws are enforced by the courts

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Laws in society protect us

• from the violence of others
• safeguard our property
• settle disagreements disputes
• regulate the law-making process

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Rule of Law

• individuals must recognize and accept that the
  law is necessary
• the law applies equally to everyone
• no one has the right to take away our rights

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Canadian law reflects

• the values of Canadians (right from wrong)
• moral standards are shared by most citizens and
  lawmakers

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Characteristics of justice

• Treat like cases alike and different cases
  differently.
• Discrimination on the basis of irrelevant
  characteristics is unjust.
• Laws should be applied impartially.
• The law itself must reflect a balancing of
  conflicting rights that is consistent with
  societys value.

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The Great Laws of Manu

• a document of laws recorded between 1280 and
  880 BCE in India

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Code of Hammurabi

• one the earliest-known written legal codes
  (1792 -1750 BCE)

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The Bible

• - a set of laws are found in the Book of Exodus
  Ten Commandments

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In ancient Greece, citizens

• Voted on major decisions
• Served on juries
• Spoke on behalf of women (non-citizens)

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Roman society

• - first paid legal advisers

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The Justinian Napoleonic Codes

• - formed the basis of our modern civil laws,
  which regulates such matters as property, wills,
  contracts, and family law

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Trial by Oath Helping

• only members of the community who were not
  involved directly could participate in the trial
  process
• the participants provided testimony (character
  witnesses)

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The jury system of Greek Law

• only members of the community who were not
  involved directly could participate in the trial
  process
• the participants collectively made decisions
  about guilt or innocence and sentencing

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Case Law Rule of Precedent

• The records of cases and their decisions have
  helped to establish a common method of dealing
  with similar cases or legal issues.

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Rule of Precedent

• similar cases should be treated similarly
• was the previous decision just???

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The Magna Carta

• the first recognition of individual rights for
  the people of Britain
• the law applies equally to everyone (Rule of Law)
• no one has the right to take away our rights
  (Rule of Law)
• Habeaus Corpus you must have a body

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Iroquois Confederacy

• - the right of ownership passes through clans and
  consanguity (genetic or blood relationships) in
  the female line.