pd t

1
?p?d?µ?? ??????????? ???t????p??es???

• ?a?da???? ?at????
• ???t?? ?p?????????? ?a? ???t???
• ?a?ep?st?µ?? ???t??

2
?a?a?t???st??? t?? e?????????? d??t??? ?p??es???

• ?d???e?pt? ?a? a???p?st? s??des? st? ??ad??t?? se
  ?????? ta??t?te?
• ??a????s? µe????? ????? ded?µ????
• G?????? ap????s?
• St??µ?a?a ???? ?a? ap?st??? p???µes???? ??????
  (video ???? ?e?µe??)
• ?a???? ?p??es??? p??st???µe??? a??a? ap? t???
  pa?????? t??ep????????a??? ?p??es???
• St???? pa???? ft???? e?????????? ?p??es???
• ?? ft???? e?????????? ?p??es?e? ep??e????? t??
  a??pt??? t?? ???????a? ?a? t?? s??se??
  ???t???-p???t??-ep??e???se??

3
? e?????? t?? e?????????? d??t??? ?p??es???

• ?pa?t???ta? ?p?d?µ?? (?pt??? d??t?a ???µ??)
• ?a???? e?????????? ?p??es??? st?? te???? ???st?
• ? e?????????t?ta a????e? t?? t??p? p?? ??
  ?????p?? d???e???? ? ???a??????ta?
• ???e-e??as?a, ta???e?, ?ad??f??? µ?s? d??t???,
  e??p???µ??e? ?p??es?e? t??ef???a? ?a? ded?µ????
• ??p??? d??t?? st? sp?t?
• St? µ????? ta p??ta ?a e??a? d?as??dedeµ??a
• ?aµ??? t? p?s?st? t?? ??????????? p?? d?a??te?
  e????????? s??des? µe t? d?ad??t?? p??? t? pa???
  st? ???a µa?

4
??????????? ?p?d?µ??

• ???t?a??? te???????e?
• ??p??? d??t?a (IP, ethernet, wireless ethernet,
  bluetooth (PAN Personal Area Networks)
• ???t?a p??sßas?? (xDSL, FTTH, ????t? 3G, wireless
  ethernet, d???f????? s??des?, cabletv)
• ???t?a ???µ?? (?pt???? ??e?, WDM, GigE, MPLS,
  VPNs, d???f????? s??des?)

5
??p??? d??t?a

• ?s??µata t?p??? d??t?a (Wireless LAN)
• ??a d??t?? ????? ?a??d?a
• Wireless Ethernet t? p??t?p? IEEE 802.11b
  (2,4GHz, 11Mbps), IEEE 802.11a(5GHz, 54Mbps)
• ?at?????? ??a ?t???a ??afe???, ??a t? sp?t?, ??a
  µ?a pa?ep?st?µ???p???, ??a s???e?a, d?µ?s????
  ?????? (p.?. ae??d??µ?a, ?e??d??e?a)
• ?pe?te?e? ????? as??µat?? te????????? µ????te???
  eµß??e?a? ?a? ????t???t?ta?
• Bluetooth
• 2,4GHz, 720kbps, 10m. ?µß??e?a. ?s??µat?
  d?as??des? µ????s?s?e??? µeta?? t??? se µ??????
  ??????

6
t?p??? d??t?a

• IP, ethernet
• s?ed?? se ????? t??? ?p?????st?? ????a??? ???s??
• te???????a t?p???? d??t???
• d???µasµ??? ???µ? ?a? sta?e?? te???????a
• ?e????se sa? L2 protocol sta 10Mbps µ???a??µe?a,
  e?e??????e sta 100?bps ?a? s?µe?a st? 1Gbps. ???a
  ?a? 10Gbps ??a t?? ???s? t?? se µ?t??p???t???
  d??t?a ?a? d??t?a ???µ?? e??e?a? pe??????.

7
???t?a p??sßas??

• DSL µetaf??? ded?µ???? se ?????? ta??t?te? p???
  ap? t?? ?p?????sa ?p?d?µ? t?? ???????? ?a??d???
  t?? t??ef?????? eta????? µe a?aß??µ?s? se
  s?s?e??? (DSLAM, DSL CPE)
• ??d?se?? t?? DSL (ADSL, HDSL, SDSL, VDSL) a?????a
  µe t?? ap?stas? ap? t? ???t?? t?? ??? ?a? t??
  ta??t?ta t?? s??des??
• DSL p?????? ?a? t?µ?? st?? e??????? a????
  http//www.adslgr.com

8
ADSL

• ADSL (Asymmetric DSL), µ???? 8 Mbps downstream
  sta 2.7km ?a? µ???? 1Mbps upstream
• ? ta??t?ta µe???eta? ?s? a????eta? ? ap?stas? ap?
  t? ???t?? d?a??µ?? t?? p??????

9
xDSL

• HDSL (High bit rate DSL), 2 t??ef?????? ??aµµ??,
  s?µµet???? te???????a, µ???? 2 Mbps
  upstream/downstream sta 3.5km
• SDSL (Single line DSL), 1 t??ef????? ??aµµ?,
  s?µµet???? te???????a, µ???? 2Mbps
  upstream/downstream sta 3 km
• VDSL (very high data rate DSL), µ???? 52 Mbps
  downstream, µ???? 2.3 Mbps upstream

10
? DSL s??des?
11
?a p?e??e?t?µata t?? DSL

• ???e? t?? d??at?t?ta µ?a ap?? t??ef????? ??aµµ?
  ?a ???s?µ?p??e?ta? ??a µetaf??? ded?µ???? se
  µe???e? ta??t?te?
• ?a?t?????? ???s? t?? t??ef?????? s??des?? ap? t??
  t??ef????? s?s?e?? (??a t??ef???a) ?a? ap? t?
  modem (??a p??sßas? st? ??ad??t??)
• Always-on s??des?
• Ft???? e??p??sµ?? ??a t? ???? t?? ???st?. St??
  ????da t?? e??p??sµ? t?? d????? ?? eta??e?e?
• ?????? ta??t?te? st?? µetaf??? ded?µ???? (ADSL
  e?? ?a? 8.4Mbps)

12
???t?a p??sßas??

• ?pt???? ??e?
• ?????? ta??t?te?,
• scalability
• ?e???????a Fiber-To-The-Home
• ? ?ate????? ??s? e?????????? d??t??? d??t?a
  ?pt???? ????p??sßas? DSL ? FTTH

13
???t?a p??sßas??

• Fiber-To-The-Home (FTTH)
• FTTH ap? t? CO t?? pa????? fe??e? 1 ?pt??? ??a
  p?? st? ???t?? d?a??µ?? d?a??µeta? µe optical
  splitter st??? ???ste?
• 1 ?pt??? ??a a?? s??d??µ?t?
• ??e??e?t?µata
• ?a??t???? e??p??sµ?? ap? t? CO µ???? t?? ???st?
  e?a??st?p???s? t?? ??st??? s??t???s?? t?? d??t???
• ?e???e?t?µata
• ????? ??st?? ?atas?e??? t?? d??t???

14
???t?a p??sßas??

• ????t? 3G
• GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)
• ?a??t?ta 9.6kbps
• GPRS (General Packet Radio Service)
• ep?t??pe? t?? d?a????s? ded?µ???? ap? ??a d??t??
  ????t?? t??ef???a?
• ?a??t?ta 171.2kbps (?e???t??? ??? ????), s??????
  p??? ?aµ???te?e? ta??t?te?
• EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution)
  or EGPRS
• ??????? t?? GSM ??a ?a e??p??ete? µetaf???
  ded?µ????, f???? ??p.
• ?a??t?ta gt 384kbps
• UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  )
• ?a??t?ta 384kbps (?e???t??? ??? ????) se d??t?a
  µe ????? f???t?t?ta, µ???? 2Mbps se p?? sta?e??
  pe??ß?????ta

15
???t?a p??sßas??

• d???f????? s??des?
• te???????a ?at?????? ??a ap?µ???µ??e? ?e???af???
  pe?????? ? ??a p???a ? ae??p???a

16
???t?a p??sßas??

• ??s??µata t??e?pt??? d??t?a (cabletv) µetaf???
  ?p??es??? f???? ded?µ???? ap? t?? ?p?????sa
  ?p?d?µ? ?a??d?a??? t??e??as?? µe a?aß??µ?s? t??
  e??p??sµ??
• Cable modem p?? pa???e? ethernet interface st??
  te???? ???st?
• Shared 27Mbps downstream 2Mbps upstream
• ???? µ???? d?e?sd?s? st?? e??????? a????

17
???t?a ???µ??

• ?pt???? ??e?
• Ethernet over dark fiber
• Ethernet over WDM

18
S?????s? te?????????
19
S?????s? te?????????