Sea ice reduction

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2007 Healy's Arctic Cruise Observations Pablo
Clemente-Colón Chief Scientist U.S. National /
Naval Ice Center (NIC)

• Symposium on the Impact of An Ice-Diminishing
  Arctic on Naval and Maritime Operations
• Washington, D.C. - 10-12 July 2007

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NIC Mission and Structure

• Tri-agency organization
• Over 60 military and civilian personnel located
  in Washington, D.C.
• Global sea ice analysis and forecasting
• International Partnerships
• North American Ice Service (NAIS)
• Canadian Ice Service (CIS)
• International Ice Patrol (IIP)
• International Arctic Buoy Programme (IABP)
• International Ice Charting Working Group (IICWG)

USCG
Navy
NOAA
NAIS
IAPB
IICWG
NICs mission is to provide the highest quality
strategic and tactical ice services tailored to
meet the operational requirements of U.S.
national interests.
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Cruise Co-Chief Scientists
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NIC Sea Ice Observations

• NIC provided daily analysis of available SAR
  (RADARSAT-1 and Envisat), visible, and passive
  microwave satellite data.
• Hourly sea ice characterization and weather
  observations were recorded through the cruise
  following the ASPeCt methodology.
• Photographs of sea ice and atmospheric conditions
  were acquired at least hourly
• Healys aloftconn camera images at 5-minute
  intervals were also made available
• IABP buoys deployed

Data is being organized for cross-correlation
with charts and other products
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HEALY0703 Final Cruise Track
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AMS-E Sea Ice Concentration
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US Interagency Buoy Program (USIABP)International
Arctic Buoy Program (IABP)

• NIC Science co-manages the US Interagency Buoy
  Program with UW/PSC and coordinates US Arctic
  buoy activities within the IABP
• USIABP/IABP is a key component of the Arctic
  Observing Network (AON)
• Arctic buoy data are critical to NWS and many
  other users providing weather forecasts, NWP, and
  climate modeling
• Arctic buoy data are used by NIC for operational
  ice chart analysis and supports the validation of
  satellite observations and sea ice models
• As of August 17, 2007, there are 48over 90 buoys
  reporting from 35 different locations across the
  Arctic
• White Trident Mission deploys buoys for
  USIABP/IABP over the Arctic from a C-130 (AUG08
  WT confirmed / exploring additional alternatives)

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Drift Model, Buoy Tracks and Sea Ice Age
Sep 1987, Summer
Russia
Older, thicker ice
Alaska
Canada
(After Rigor and Wallace, 2004)
1988-1990 Precipitous decrease in older ice
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IABP Buoy Distribution and Tracks
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Seasonal Ice Beacons, Ocean Buoys, and
Deployment Alternatives Needed
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NOAA SBIR Inexpensive AirborneExpendable Ice
Buoys (AXIB)

• Provides a lower cost aircraft droppable seasonal
  buoy (with surface deployment capability)
• Basic sensors/measurements include surface air
  temperature, surface pressure, GPS location, and
  Argos transmitter
• Operation in ice and open water through
  freeze/thaw cycles
• LBI, Inc. awaiting result of SBIR phase II
  competition

Provide alternatives to airborne drops over MYI
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AXIB Seasonal Buoys
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Boeing P-8A Poseidon

• The U.S. Navy plans to purchase 108 P-8A to
  replace its fleet of P-3 aircraft.
• Long-range anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface
  warfare, intelligence, surveillance, and
  reconnaissance aircraft
• Expected to influence how the U.S. Navy's
  maritime patrol and reconnaissance forces train,
  operate, and deploy
• Preliminary design review, September 2005
• Flight-test delivery of first aircraft, 2009

http//www.boeing.com/defense-space/military/p8a

• Initial operational capability and expected
  full-production decision, 2013

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