The Human Genome Project

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The Human Genome Project

• By Olivia, Rebecca,
• Maeve, and Noah

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• The Human Genome just means all the genes in any
  human put together. The Human Genome Project has
  goals aimed at improving human health and being
  more aware of when you have the potential to
  become diseased, which makes them more prepared
  for it and able to give you the treatment that
  you need earlier.

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• You start your life as one cell, brought into
  being by your mothers egg and your fathers
  sperm meeting to create you. The sperm and the
  egg each hold 23 chromosomes, so when they join
  to become the cell, all 46 chromosomes, half from
  your mother and half from your father, are bound
  inside the nucleus of the single cell that is
  you. Within a few hours that one cell will have
  become two, the chromosomes duplicating, and the
  cell dividing. Chromosome is just another word
  for DNA strand, and each DNA strand is made up of
  a string of many genes, like a necklace of
  microscopic pearls, all twisted and coiled not
  unlike a wound spring, or a bungee cord. Each
  one of these genes is like a puzzle piece,
  holding a fragment of information, such as brown
  eyes or a bad temper. But what if there was a
  gene that could cause cancer? Thats where the
  human genome project comes in.

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Main Questions Concerning our project

• What is the Human Genome Project and what are
  its goals?
• What can be learned from the human genome
  sequence?
• What are the potential benefits from human
  genome research?
• How will this research impact the medical field?

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What is it and its goals

• The human genome project is made up of groups of
  scientists all over the United States mapping the
  sequence of human genes, for all DNA strands are
  pretty much the same, with the different genes
  that may cause cancer in pretty much the same
  place, just tweaked a little. If the scientists
  see the gene in you that may cause cancer, they
  can detect the actual cancer in you much faster
  because they are on the lookout for it, they may
  also be able to take measures that will prevent
  the cancer from ever actually growing inside you.
  It also enables them to give you more
  successful, effective treatment, and be able to
  start you earlier on it. And with new mapping
  technology they may be able to see a disease in
  the genes of a couple that wants to have a baby,
  and that may contribute to better, more detailed
  genetic counseling. (By the way, genetic
  counseling is just a fancy term for talking with
  the couple about the risk of diseases in the baby
  that they are planning to have, and if they are
  willing to take those risks, or if they should
  consider adopting a child.) If you do decide to
  have the child, they are also able to give it the
  cancer prevention treatment that it may need
  right off the bat. Cancer is not the only
  potential bad gene that you can have, genetic
  diseases such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell
  anemia, and huntingtons disease may also be
  shown in your genes. Not all bad genes are this
  gravely serious, something as simple as high
  cholesterol may be written in your genes, but if
  that gene is detected in your gene sequence, it
  is a good example where you have been made more
  aware of something that may happen to you that
  you may never have known until it was too late.
  Now you can do stuff like eat healthy and
  exercise more often than average, so that you
  have a chance at balancing out the high
  cholesterol and working to prevent it before it
  even begins to effect you.
• In many ways it is like a glimpse into the
  future, a future that is not fully determined
  yet, and a future that you have some power over.

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Things weve Learned

• Just to name a few
• There are over 3 billion chemical nucleotide
  bases in the Human Genome
• The sequence of the Human Genome is almost the
  same in everybody
• They have found the sequence for several diseases
  included breast cancer, muscle disease, deafness,
  and blindness

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Potential Benefits

• 1. Molecular medicine
• 2. Energy sources and environmental
  applications
• 3. Risk assessment
• 4.Bioarchaeology, anthropology, evolution,
  and human migration
• 5.DNA forensics or identification
• 6. Agriculture, livestock breeding, and
  bioprocessing

• Examples
• 1.Drugs made especially for your body
• 2.Making new and cleaner energy sources and fuels
• 3.estimate risks created by radiation
• 4.Look at evolution through changes
• 5.Identify suspects whose DNA was found at crime
  scene
• 6.Crops that are proned to diseases, insects, and
  drought

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Research impacting the Medical Field

• Human Genome research presents an opportunity
  for scientists to learn about the relationship
  between genetics and the risk of getting
  different diseases. It will revolutionize the
  diagnosis and treatment of many illnesses. This
  research has also made genetics the main focus in
  medical research. Results from the research will
  also tell us about different peoples reactions
  to different medications. Understanding where and
  how each gene works, will allow doctors to design
  medicines to help the part of your body that
  needs help, (instead of effecting your whole body
  it will just help that one part).
• Before the Human Genome project, many doctors
  thought that dealing with genes was a
  specialists job. Now it is part of a doctors
  everyday practice. Scientists have found that
  virtually every persons illness is caused at
  least partly by genetics. This is not a new idea,
  but now doctors thing that they may be able to
  help.

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In Our Opinion

• The Human Genome Project is one of the most
  important research projects out there. Some of
  the projects out there talk about treating
  diseases.The Genome Project is a way to prevent
  the diseases from happening.