The Human Genome

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The Human Genome
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Genome sequence analysis
Introns are abundant
94 human, 85 fruitfly, 95 nemtode, 95 plant
genes
Human genome (26,000-35,000-65,000 genes)
Only 2 - 5 times as many genes as in fruitflies
(13,600) or in nematodes (19,000)
Exons 1.1 Introns
24 Intergenic region 75
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Multiple splicing factors assemble in a
step-wise manner to recognize splicing signals,
which are short sequences
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Genome sequence analysis
Introns are abundant
94 human, 85 fruitfly, 95 nemtode, 95 plant
genes
Human genome (26,000-35,000 -65,000 genes)
Only 2 - 5 times as many genes as in fruitflies
(13,600) or in nematodes (19,000)
Exons 1.1 Introns
24 Intergenic region 75
Alternative splicing is abundant
gt35 of human gene transcripts are alternatively
spliced
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Alternative Splicing
5 splice site switching
3 splice site switching
Mutually exclusive exons
Exon Skipping
Intron retention
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gt1000 isoforms of neurexin
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gt38,000 isoforms of DSCAM
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gt500 isoforms of slo
Sound Frequencies
Properties of ion channels
Fast gating kinetics Low Ca2 sensitivity
Slow gating kinetics High Ca2 sensitivity
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AS GOOD AS IT GETS
ALTERNATIVE SPLICING
SEX DETERMINATION
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SXL is the Key Binary Switch in Somatic Sexual
Differentiation
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Dosage Compensation
Drosophila
C. elegans
Mouse/Human
X Y
X X
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Retroviral(HIV-1) life cycle
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HIV-1 and HTLV Regulation
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Genome sequence analysis
Introns are abundant
94 human, 85 fruitfly, 95 nemtode, 95 plant
genes
Human genome (26,000-35,000 -70,000 genes)
Only 2 - 5 times as many genes as in fruitflies
(13,600) or in nematodes (19,000)
Exons 1.1 Introns
24 Intergenic region 75
Alternative splicing is abundant
gt35 of human gene transcripts are alternatively
spliced
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Combinatorial Control
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Mutliple components collaborate to achieve
specificity
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The End