Efficiency in industry through electrotechnologies

1
Efficiency in industry through electro-technologie
s

• Paul Baudry, EDF / RD

The future of Energy in Enlarged Europe, Warsaw
7-8th october 2004
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Outline

• European policy related to energy efficiency
• Energy efficiency and electricity
• The influence of energy accounting system
• Efficient electro-technologies in industry
• Conclusion

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European policy on energy efficiency

• Drivers
• Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
• Security of energy supply
• Target
• Annual energy savings 1 of final energy
• European directives
• Proposal for a Directive on energy end-use
  efficiency and energy services
• Directive on energy efficiency in buildings
• Directive on Integrated Prevention and Pollution
  Control
• Directive on tradable CO2 emission permits

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Global Trends in Energy use 1970-2000
The manufacturing sector (industry) exhibits the
highest energy intensity decrease
Source 30 years of energy use in IEA countries
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Global Trends in Energy use Total final energy
consumption by fuel
Source 30 years of energy use in IEA countries
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Energy Efficiency and electricity As global
energy intensity decreases, electricity grows
with GDP
450
450
450
Mobility
OCDE
400
400
400
OCDE
OCDE
Electricity
350
300
300
300
Thermal stationary
250
250
250
GDP US95
200
200
200
150
150
150
100
100
100
50
50
50
0
0
0
1975
1979
1983
1987
1991
1995
1999
2003
2007
2011
2015
2019
2023
2027
1971
1979
1983
1987
1991
1995
1999
2003
2007
2011
2015
2019
2023
2027
1971
1979
1983
1987
1991
1995
1999
2003
2007
2011
2015
2019
2023
2027
1971
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Energy accounting system primary and final energy
FOSSIL ENERGY (coal, oil, gas)
NON FOSSIL ENERGY (nuclear,hydro, Ren. En.)
Ren. Heat
ELECTRICITY
PRODUCT OR SERVICE

• Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is the accurate
  method
• for energy accounting
• Two main LCA impact indicators for energy
  efficiency
• primary energy consumption
• CO2

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Energy accounting system primary and final energy

• Usual conventional coefficient for primary
  energy to electricity conversion 2.5
• This coefficient is an average of the different
  power generation systems
• IEA convention for final to primary energy
  conversion
• - 33 for nuclear
• - electricity / fossil fuel energy content
  for coal and gas power generation systems
• - 100 for renewable energy
• Accurate final to primary energy coefficient are
  different in each country and for each
  electricity supplier

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Energy accounting system CO2 emissions for power
generation with Life Cycle Assessment
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Energy Efficiency through Electro-technologies
in various industrial sectors
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Final Energy Efficiency through
Electro-technologies
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Energy Efficiency through Electro-technologies
Steelmaking industry
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Energy Efficiency through electro-technologies Var
ious energy system solutions for the same end use
1 MWh th 0.086 tep
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Conclusion

• During the 30 last years, the use of
  electricity has grown while energy intensity was
  decreasing in IEA countries
• The energy efficiency can be evaluated by an LCA
  approach with two main impact indicators
  primary energy and CO2 emissions
• Final to primary energy coefficient and CO2
  emissions depend strongly on power generation
  systems, then on the geographic location and on
  the electricity suppliers
• Electro-technologies in industry can contribute
  significantly to improve energy efficiency
• Electricity is a secondary but flexible energy.
  Industrial processes need this flexibility which
  helps to increase productivity and product
  quality.