HP Agriculture

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HP Agriculture At a Glance
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Agro-Climatic Zones
Zones Potential Geog. Area Cropped Area
(i) Shivalik Hill Zone (350-650 mt.a. m.s.l.) Sub Tropical Foodgrains, Oilseeds, Pulses, Seasonal Vegetables, Sugarcane etc. 16.24 38.00
(ii) Mid Hill Zone (651-1,800 mt.a m.s.l.) Temperate Foodgrains, Pulses, Off-Season Vegetables. Ginger, Tea, Potato etc. 21.25 41.04
(iii) High Hill Zone (1,801-2,500 mt.a m.s.l.) Humid Temperate Wheat, Barley, Millets, Off-Season Vegetables, Seed Potato, Temperate Vegetables Seeds, Rajmash etc. 23.01 18.39
(iv) Cold Dry Zone (Above 2,500 mt.a m.s.l.) Dry Temperate Barley, Pseudo-Cereals, Temperate Vegetable Seeds, seed Potato, Off-Season Vegetables, Peas, Kala Zira etc. 39.34 2.60
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Shift in Area in Ten Years
S.No. Particulars 1990-1991 2001-2002 ()/ (-) Remarks
1 Net Cropped Area 5,82,797 5,49,643 (-)33,154 Diversion for non agriculture purposes and fallow lands
2 Area Under Foodgrains 8,71,224 8,16,934 (-)54,290 Diversification to commercial crops such as vegetables, fruits, spices etc.
3 Area Under Vegetables including Potato 29,010 46,950 ()17,940 Area from foodgrains diversified
4 Fallow Lands 60,068 69,380 ()9,312 Absentee land lords, wild animals problem.
5 Culturable Waste 1,25,157 1,22,114 (-)3,043 -
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Status of Production and Productivity in H.P.
S.No. Crop 1951-1952 ( 000 tonnes) 2001-2002 ( 000 tonnes) Productivity Level (qtls./ hect.) Projected Xth Plan Projected Xth Plan All India (Average) (qtls./ hect.)
S.No. Crop 1951-1952 ( 000 tonnes) 2001-2002 ( 000 tonnes) Productivity Level (qtls./ hect.) Prod. (000 tonnes) Produ. (qtls./ ha.) All India (Average) (qtls./ hect.)
1 Maize 67.30 768.00 25.00 895 30.00 16.85
2 Rice 28.30 137.00 17.00 162 21.50 18.35
3 Wheat 61.20 637.00 18.00 711 20.00 26.11
4 Vege. 25.00 627.00 180.00 1000 200.00 160.00
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Land Holdings

• Small and fragmented landholding
• Specific land use mechanism
• Gorkha labours
• Land of Devtas
• Any other mechanism
• Leased in leased out

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Agricultural Facts

• 69 per cent directly get employment
• 21 per cent of the state income
• 84.5 holdings are small (1-2 ha 20 ) and
  marginal below (1 ha- 64 )
• 14.9 medium (4-10 Ha) and semi medium (2-4 ha
  11)
• 0.6 by large (More than 10 ha)

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Agriculture Systems

• Kuhl irrigation major source
• Output is in mans ( measurements differ from area
  to area)
• Women play a dominant role
• Mixed farming
• Specialized farming
• Integrated farming systems
• Interactions of animals with cropping systems

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Agriculture Systems

• Barter system still presents
• Private companies have entered into seed industry
• Growing potential for maize crop in Hamirpur
• Vegetable production for local markets (Manali)
• Kharif and rabi seasons
• Summer and winter crop seasons

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Agriculture Systems

• Off season vegetables
• Land ploughing by bullocks
• Animal husbandry as a source of supporting
  incomes
• Land labourers in PWD etc during off seasons
• Farm income through collection of medicinal plants

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Measurements

• Kanals and bighas are the land measurements
• 25 kanals one ha
• 2 kanals one bigha
• 12.5 bighas one hectare
• 1 kanal 200 sq mts
• 1 bigha 400 sq mts