OPTIMA Optimisation for Sustainable Water Resources Management

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OPTIMAOptimisation for Sustainable Water
Resources Management

• Turkish Case Study
• Gediz River

28-29 May 2007 Malta
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Extent 17600 km2
Population 1.700.000
Istanbul
Gediz Basin
Izmir
Water Supply 1100 MCM 647 m3 per capita
Water Demand 886 MCM 521 m3 per capita
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Water Scarcity and Infrastructure
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Water Quality
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MODEL CONSTRUCTION ON WATERWARE
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MODEL TOPOLOGY
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Topological View of the Baseline Gediz Scenario
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Topological View of the Future Gediz Scenario
GORDES
YIGITLER
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Water Budget Simulations in WRM
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MODEL SIMULATION IN WRM
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CALIBRATION
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MODEL SIMULATION RESULTS (DRY YEAR CONDITIONS)
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MODEL SIMULATION RESULTS (WET YEAR CONDITIONS)
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MODEL SIMULATION RESULTS FUTURE (DRY YEAR
CONDITIONS)
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MODEL SIMULATION RESULTS FUTURE (WET YEAR
CONDITIONS)
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Economic Evaluation
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BASIC ECO-DATA OF IRRIGATION DISTRICTS
Irrigation Districts Fixed O/M Costs (/month) Use Benefit (/m3) Shortfall Cost (/m3) Variable cost (/m3)
Adala Left 21091 0.37 0.3 0.222
Adala Right 11716 0.29 0.23 0.174
Ahmetli Left 25537 0.46 0.32 0.276
Ahmetli Right 39963 0.30 0.23 0.18
Menemen Left 31406 0.19 0.12 0.114
Menemen Right 16040 0.27 0.14 0.162
Sarigol 3442 0.35 0.22 0.21
Alasehir 24107 0.66 0.43 0.396
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BASIC ECO-DATA OF SETTLEMENTS
Settlement Demand (m3/s) Fixed O/M Costs (/month) Fixed Pumping Costs (/month) Pumping Cost (/m3) Domestic Network Cost (/m3) Use Benefit (/m3) Shortfall Cost (/m3)
Akhisar 0.16 7200 2400 0.027 0.009 1 0.1
Salihli 0.17 7200 2400 0.027 0.009 1 0.1
Turgutlu 0.18 7800 2400 0.027 0.009 1 0.1
Manisa, Center 0.53 16200 4800 0.027 0.009 1.2 0.15
Kemalpasa 0.027 3000 1200 0.027 0.009 0.9 0.1
Menemen 0.06 6000 1800 0.027 0.009 0.9 0.1
Saruhanli 0.015 1800 600 0.027 0.009 0.8 0.08
Golmarmara 0.013 1800 600 0.027 0.009 0.8 0.07
Alasehir 0.05 4200 1200 0.027 0.009 1 0.1
Ahmetli 0.013 1800 600 0.027 0.009 0.8 0.08
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RESERVOIRS INVESTMENTS
BULDAN
AFSAR
DEMIRKOPRU
GORDES
MARMARA
YIGITLER
Bay of Izmir
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Stakeholder Activities and Involvement
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ENTRIES TO SH DATABASE
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QUESTIONAIRES
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QUESTIONAIRES
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STAKEHOLDERS WORKSHOP 19-20 April 2006IZMIR
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• A 2-day stakeholder workshop was organized by
  SUMER between April 19-20, 2006 in Izmir, to set
  the basis for the optimization procedure of
  OPTIMA to be applied for the Gediz case study.
• Invitations were extended to a total of 106
  persons, representing local, regional and
  national governmental/private institutions and
  NGOs.
• Of the total invited, 45 stakeholders from 17
  institutions contributed to the meeting.

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Gender Issues
The percentages of women participants with
respect to management functions are Governmental
Planning 31 (5/16) Governmental
Monitoring 25 (4/16) Governmental
Research 19 (3/16) Municipality
19 (3/16) NGO
6 (1/16)
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Workshop Program
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SEMINAR ON OPTIMA PROJECT November 29, 2006 Izmir
In scope of the seminar, two questionnaires have
been filled by participants. 1. The general
objectives and the constraints 2. The
importance levels of the indicators on physical
conditions, water management, demand and supply,
in other words, the determination of priorities
and trends. (Re-evaluation of the results on
priorities of issues obtained in previous meeting)
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• Seminar is carried out by SUMER in DEU Faculty
  of Engineering building in Tinaztepe Campus.
• The stakeholders, participated in II.
  Stakeholder meeting held in 19-20 April 2006 are
  re-invited.
• Total number of participants was 30 from
  different institutions.
• The outcomes of WRM Modeling and optimisation
  strategies are presented and discussed.

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INSTITUTION TYPE
Soil and Water Resources Research Institute (2) Governmental Research
Izmir Bird Paradise Protection and Development Union (1) NGO
DSI 2nd Directorate (5) Governmental Planning
GEMA (2) NGO
Aegean Forest Foundation (1) NGO
Aegean Forestry Research Institute (4) Governmental Research
THAEM (Agro-hydrology Research Center) (3) Governmental Research
IZSU (4) Municipality
Province Agricultural Directorate (2) Governmental Research
Province Directorate of Environment and Forestry (1) Governmental Monitoring
DEU (5) University
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Results Obtained through Stakeholder Activities
Steps towards Optimization
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Results of Questionaires
WATER DEMAND - Agriculture - Surface Water
Demands - Groundwater Demands - Industry -
Surface Water Pollution by Industry WATER
SUPPLY - Quality - Surface Water Quality -
Groundwater Quality - Infrastructures -
Sanitations Sewers and Treatment
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Results of Questionaires

• OVERALL RESULTS
• Issues in order of priority
• 1.Water pollution (5/5)
• 2. Revision of the existing irrigation network
  (3/5)
• 3. Participatory water management (2/5)
• 4. Water scarcity (2/5)
• 5. Monitoring networks (2/5)
• The least important issue Water demand by tourism

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EXPECTED CONSTRAINTS IN GLOBAL TERMS FOR SYSTEM
PERFORMANCE
CONCEPT MIN MAX VALUE DSI Point of view
Overall Supply / Demand ratio gt 70-95 gt 90
Reliability of supply (average over all nodes/days) gt 70-95 gt 90
Benefit / Cost ratio gt 0.8-2 gt 1.5
Economical efficiency (direct) 0.10-0.7 / m3 0.5 / m3
Economical efficiency (indirect) 0.08-0.9 / m3 0.35 / m3
Net benefit (direct or indirect) 960-1200 / ca 1000 / ca
Cost of water (direct) 0.10-0.7 / m3 0.4 / m3
Cost of water (indirect) 0.08-0.7 / m3 0.25 / m3
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FROM INSTRUMENTS TO WATER TECHNOLOGIES

• Instruments identified by stakeholders should be
  translated as water technologies with their
  costs and benefits!?!
• As some stakeholders just mention to do
  something instead of giving numbers or figures,
  another challenge for the user is encountered
  how we define that technology?
• Thanks to INTERGEO we have generic water
  technologies, BUT the application units do not
  always resemble what we got in hand..

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HANDLING WITH WATER TECHNOLOGIES
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WATER TECHNOLOGIES APPLIED TO OPTIMIZATION TOOL

• Each technology to be used should be
  re-calculated for each node applicable. (more
  work, less sleep)

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WATER TECHNOLOGIES APPLIED TO OPTIMIZATION TOOL

• We missed to ask that, BUT another question
  should have been asked to stakeholders What is
  the probability of application of this
  instrument? because, application priorities
  are demanded in optimization tool!
• Unfortunately, we missed to ask one more thing,
  too What is the minimum and maximum economical
  and physical application rate of this instrument?

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WATER TECHNOLOGIES APPLIED TO OPTIMIZATION TOOL
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WATER TECHNOLOGIES APPLIED TO OPTIMIZATION TOOL
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INSTRUMENTS
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Irrigation District Area Annual Investment Cost ( / year) Operational Cost ( / year)
Adala LB 6150 1,810,167 181,796
Adala RB 6300 1,854,318 186,230
Sarigöl 1000 294,336 29,560
Alasehir 7500 2,207,521 221,702
Ahmetli RB 14750 4,341,458 436,014
Ahmetli LB 14550 4,282,591 430,102
Menemen RB 5250 1,545,265 155,192
Menemen LB 14200 4,179,573 419,756
100 implementation
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INSTRUMENTS
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Irrigation District Area Annual Investment Cost ( / year) Operational Cost ( / year)
Adala LB 6150 1609 1304
Adala RB 6300 1648 1336
Sarigöl 1000 262 212
Alasehir 7500 1962 1591
Ahmetli RB 14750 3859 3129
Ahmetli LB 14550 3807 3086
Menemen RB 5250 1374 1114
Menemen LB 14200 3715 3012
100 implementation
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INSTRUMENTS
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Settlement Population Annual Investment Cost ( / year) Operational Cost ( / year)
Akhisar 81510 1331 1103
Salihli 83137 1358 1125
Turgutlu 93727 1530 1268
Manisa, Center 214345 3500 2900
Kemalpasa 25448 416 344
Menemen 46079 752 623
Saruhanli 13025 213 176
Golmarmara 11205 183 152
Alasehir 39590 646 536
Ahmetli 11011 180 149
100 implementation
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INSTRUMENTS
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Settlement Household Annual Investment Cost ( / year)
Akhisar 21507 645,198
Salihli 22903 687,083
Turgutlu 24094 722,830
Manisa, Center 57159 1,714,760
Kemalpasa 6362 190,860
Menemen 12288 368,632
Saruhanli 3240 97,201
Golmarmara 2541 76,224
Alasehir 10936 328,094
Ahmetli 2905 87,158
100 implementation
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Optimization
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INSTRUMENTS
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INSTRUMENTS
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CONSTRAINTS
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OPTIMIZATION
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FAILURE!!
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RESULTS
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RELAXED CONSTRAINTS
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SUCCESS!!
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FEASIBLE SOLUTIONS SET
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RANGE OF CRITERIA IN FEASIBLE SET
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POST-OPTIMAL ANALYSIS Discrete Multi-Criteria
DSS TOOL
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DMC IMPORT OF OPTIMIZATION SCENARIO
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• POST-OPTIMIZATION THREE STEPS..
• SEARCHING FOR TRADE-OFFS
• All Criteria
• Max. Supply / Demand and Reliability
• Max. Supply / Demand ,Reliability and
  Benefit / Cost whilst Min. Water Cost
  (direct indirect)

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ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION FOR STEP 1
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ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION FOR STEP 2
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ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION FOR STEP 3
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An Example for Investment Strategy Step 3
Alternative Evaluation
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DOMESTIC INVESTMENTS FOR STEP 3
Node Name Water Technology Application Rate () Investment Cost (/year) Operation Cost (/year)
Ahmetli EDUCATIONTRAINING-URBAN USERS 33 59 48
Alasehir URBAN WATER SAVING 32 103,358 0
Alasehir EDUCATIONTRAINING-URBAN USERS 73 473 392
Golmarmara EDUCATIONTRAINING-URBAN USERS 65 120 99
Kemalpasa EDUCATIONTRAINING-URBAN USERS 40 167 138
Manisa URBAN WATER SAVING 42 720,086 0
Manisa EDUCATIONTRAINING-URBAN USERS 59 2,052 1,700
Menemen EDUCATIONTRAINING-URBAN USERS 63 476 394
Salihli EDUCATIONTRAINING-URBAN USERS 58 788 653
Saruhanli EDUCATIONTRAINING-URBAN USERS 28 60 50
Turgutlu EDUCATIONTRAINING-URBAN USERS 56 861 714
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IRRIGATIONAL INVESTMENTS FOR STEP 3
Node Name Water Technology Application Rate () Investment Cost (/year) Operation Cost (/year)
ADALA LEFT CHANNEL LINING and IRRIGATION 75 1,351,290 135,711
ADALA LEFT EDUCATIONTRAINING 60 959 777
ADALA RIGHT CHANNEL LINING and IRRIGATION 51 954,026 95,813
AHMETLI LEFT EDUCATIONTRAINING 64 2,418 1,960
AHMETLI RIGHT EDUCATIONTRAINING 55 2,129 1,726
ALASEHIR CHANNEL LINING and IRRIGATION 56 1,242,330 124,768
ALASEHIR EDUCATIONTRAINING 77 1,509 1,224
MENEMEN LEFT EDUCATIONTRAINING 88 3,262 2,645
MENEMEN RIGHT EDUCATIONTRAINING 66 901 731
SARIGOL CHANNEL LINING and IRRIGATION 75 219,408 22,035
SARIGOL EDUCATIONTRAINING 73 192 155
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IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
INDICATOR BASELINE 1991 OPTIMIZED 1991
Supply/demand ratio 58.66 61.80
Reliability 85.95 86.16
Total Shortfall (Mm3) 286.52  37.952
Total Unallocated (Mm3) 16.24  4.013
Benefit/Cost Ratio 0.99 1.168
Cost/Benefit Ratio 1.01 0.856
Economic Efficieny (/m3) 0 0.045
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OBTAINED RESULTS

• Basin is very sensitive to droughts
• Pollution is the major concern
• New reservoir investments in the basin do not
  significantly contribute to improvement of the
  status of Gediz Basin
• In the optimization studies, the hydrologic
  constraints specified by basin stakeholders
  cannot be met for dry year simulations. On the
  other hand, economic constraints cannot be
  satisfied even during wet years

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OBTAINED RESULTS

• Investments for education and training of water
  users appear to have the priority among other
  instruments
• Channel lining and irrigation water savings
  technologies are the most effective in particular
  irrigation districts, i.e., Adala Left and Right,
  Alasehir and Sarigol. Thus, if a decision is to
  be made on investment for rehabilitation of the
  existing irrigation system, it would be
  reasonable to initiate such improvement in the
  above-mentioned districts.