Safety for engineers by Lucien Nel

1
Safety for Engineers

• Lucien Nel, MSc, CIH, CSP

2
Introduction

• Section1

(U.S Department of Labor, 2008)
3
Todays workplace is fraught with safety hazards
(U.S Department of Labor, 2008)
4
Why are we here today?
You are the teachers, leaders and workers of
the future
5
Society Will Constantly Challenge You

• You will have to decide how to do the work safely
• Very rarely will you meet all three criteria
• Meet any two of these criteria

FAST
SAFELY
SAFELY
SAFELY
CHEAP
RIGHT
6
Knowledge and insight gained these seminars will
help you meet this challenge

• The musings of an engineer
• I know a lot of stuff
• I think we know everything
• I dont recognize what I dont know
• Therefore what I know is my reality
• So?
• Lets expand that reality

7
To Be Successful

• Take the safety knowledge you gain from this
  seminar,
• build on it, and apply it
• in your studies, and
• especially when you are in the workplace

8
The importance of safety and health for engineers

• Section 2.1

9
The importance of safety and health for engineers

• Technological Change
• The risks
• Societys Response
• A closer look

10
Technological change

• Pros and cons
• Transportation
• Communication and electronic technologies
• Medicine

11
The risks

• New hazards
• Increased accidents
• New unproven concepts, design materials
• Health impacts

(U.S Department of Labor, 2008)
12
Societys response

• Embraces the benefits
• Regulation and litigation
• Structured health and safety organizations
• Insurance

13
A closer look

• Society accepts the benefits but not all the
  risks
• Society placed demands on engineers to reduce
  risks
• Engineers require training in workplace safety,
  due diligence and product liability to protect
  them
• This presentation focuses on safety in the
  workplace

14
Fundamental concepts and terms

• Section 2.2

15
Fundamental concepts and terms

• Terms
• Current and the human body
• Hazard identification
• General Principles of hazard control

16
Terms

• Safety triangle (incident accident ratio
  theory)

17
Terms

• Danger, hazard and risk
• Hazard control
• Risk reduction

Incident
Anatomy of a Hazard
18
Current and the human body
(Brauer, 1994)
19
Current and the human body
(Brauer, 1994)
20
Current and the human body

• Hospital patients require special mention because
  they may have electronic equipment attached
  inside and outside their bodies.
• Small currents may leak from the instruments to
  other instruments with a potential to cause
  injury and death
• Why is this such an At risk group?
• How can the risk be reduced?

21
Fire and Explosion

• Electricity is one of the leading causes of fire
• Arcing in the presence of flammable or
  combustible aerosol
• Grain elevators
• Fiery mines
• Chemical factories
• Petrochemical plants
• Gas stations service stations

22
Hazard identification

• Review work to be done
• Tour the site
• Write down hazards and analyze them
• Develop a plan to control hazard

23
Hazard identification
24
Hazard Identification Tool
Hazardous Materials (Chemical or
Biological) Each Material must be Identified
and assessed Psychological Hazards (Fatigue,
Stress or Other)
25
General Principles of hazard control

• Eliminate the hazard by removing it or removing
  people
• Reduce the hazard by substitution
• Safety device / warning device
• Warning labels procedures

26

• BREAK 15 Mins

27
Electrical safety in the workplace

• Section 2.3

28
Electrical safety in the workplace

• Some workplace safety rules
• Permits
• Tools
• Housekeeping

29
Some workplace safety rules - Lab
30
Some more lab electrical safety rules

• Electrician
• Water
• Disconnect
• ABC fire extinguisher
• Ground ground ground ground ground!
• Warning signs
• Tingle
• Frayed, dry, cracked extension cords
• Overheating
• Smoke, sparks, spilled liquid, erratic operation

31
Some workplace safety rules

• Lock-out

32
Some workplace safety rules fall protection
(Western Safety Products, 2008)
33
Some workplace safety rules

• A confined space is any space that
• Is enclosed or partially enclosed
• It is not designed or intended for continuous
  human occupancy, except for the purpose of
  performing work
• Has restricted entry and exit
• Due to its design, construction or atmosphere it
  may become hazardous
• Has poor natural ventilation

(Saskatchewan Construction Safety Association,
2008)
34
Some workplace safety rules Personal
Protective Equipment
(Owen Media Partners, 2008)
35
Permits

• Work permits / orders
• Ground penetration permits
• Hot work permits
• Confined space entry permits
• Safety permits
• Tie-in permits
• Special / Unique permits

36
Equipment and tools Dont do this, use the
right tool for the right job
37
Housekeeping

• Prevent slips trips and falls
• Maintain fire safety
• Appropriate storage of tools and equipment
• Contain potentially hazardous materials and
  equipment

38
Safety management

• Section 2.4

39
Safety management

• Management style
• Risk management
• Monitoring performance
• Communication

40
Management style

• Proactive and reactive management
• Formal authority and informal influence
• Leading and Lagging performance indicators
• Whos job is safety anyway?

41
Risk management

• Risk assessment methods
• JHA -Job Hazard Analysis
• FTA Fault Tree Analysis
• What-if checklists
• FMEA Failure Modes and Effects Analysis
• PHA Preliminary Hazard Analysis
• HAZOP Hazard and Operability Study
• MORT Management Oversight and Risk Tree
• STEP Simultaneous Times Events Plotting Analysis
• Acceptance of risk
• Economics
• Risk tolerance
• Control technology

42
Monitoring performance

• Traditional performance indicators
• Leading indicators
• Lagging indicators
• Key performance indicators (KPIs)

43
Communication

• Verbal daily, weekly, monthly (routine)
• Written reports, meeting minutes, routine
  activity documentation, permitting
• Published safety statistics / performance
• Written corrective action / disciplinary action

44
Communication - Programs procedures and work
instructions

• Policy
• Programs
• Procedures
• Work Instructions

45
Communication - Planning

• Schedules planning sessions
• Resource deployment
• Coordination with production / operation /
  construction
• Corrective action planning verification of
  completion

46
The Turning point

• With this knowledge, will you be able to
• Do things safety and still meet public
  expectations of expediency
  appropriateness and, fiscal responsibility.

47
Conclusion

• Section 3

48
THE CRISIS

• Poor work planning threatens the safety of
  workers including engineers

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(No Transcript)
50
The SOLUTION

• To be successful, take the safety knowledge you
  gained from this seminar,
• build on it, and apply it
• throughout your studies and
• especially
• when you are in the workplace

51
The Climax

• No task is so important
• that we cannot take the time
• to do it
• safety

52
THE RESOLUTION

• Knowledge and proper planning
• will
• get us there
• safely

53
Additional Reading List

• Brauer, Roger L., Safety and Health for
  Engineers, John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY,
  1990.
• Grimaldi, John V., and Simonds, Rollin H., Safety
  Management, 5th Edition, Irwin, Homewood,
  IL,1989.  
• Hammer, Willie, Occupational Safety Management
  and Engineering, 4th Edition, Prentice-Hall,Englew
  ood Cliffs, NJ, 1989.
•  
• Hammer, Willie, Product Safety Management and
  Engineering, 2nd Edition, American Society of
  Safety Engineers, Des Plaines, IL, 1993.  
• Molak, Vlasta (editor), Fundamentals of Risk
  Analysis and Risk Management, Lewis Publishers,
  Boca Raton, FL, 1997. 
• Roland, H. E., and Moriarty, B., System Safety
  Engineering and Management, 2nd Edition, John
  Wiley and Sons, New York, NY, 1990.
•  
• Sanders, M. S., and McCormick, E. J., Human
  Factors in Engineering and Design, 7th Edition,
  McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 1993.  
• Slote, Lawrence, Handbook of Occupational Safety
  and Health, John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY,
  1987.

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References

• Brauer, Roger L., Safety and Health for
  Engineers, John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY,
  1990.
• CBS News, U.N. World Population Increasingly
  Urban, http//www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/02/26/w
  orld/main3880698.shtml?sourceRSSattrHOME_3880698
  , March 2, 2008, 1151am
• Complete Compliance Consulting, Your business
  needs in Safety, Human Resources, Loss Prevention
  and USDOT compliance, http//completecompliancecon
  sulting.com/safety, accessed March 4, 2008
• Everly, Mike, Accident Investigating and
  reporting, Cambrian Safety Consultancy,
  http//home.freeuk.net/mike.everley/download/ac.pd
  f accessed March 1, 2008
• Owen media Partners Inc. A world of Safety
  Personal Protective Equipment, http//www.safetywo
  rld.com/topics/ppe.htm, accessed March 4, 2008
• Saskatchewan Construction Association, Confined
  spaces, http//fpscsa.sasktelwebhosting.com/resour
  ces/st_confinedspaces.html, accessed March 4,
  2008
• Saskatchewan Labour, The Occupational Health and
  Safety Regulations,1996 being Chapter O-1.1 Reg 1
  as amended by Saskatchewan Regulations 6/97,
  35/2003, 112/2005, 67/2007 and 91/2007,
  Saskatchewan, 2007
• UK Health and Safety Executive, A short guide to
  the Personal Protective Equipment at Work
  Regulations 1992,
• http//www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg174.pdf, accessed
  March 3, 2008 
• U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety
  Health Administration, Construction Safety,
  http//www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/construction/elect
  rical_incidents/mainpage.html, Accessed March 3,
  2008,
• Young, Jay A., Laboratory Safety Information
  Keynote address, 48th NEACT Summer Conference at
  the University of Main, Orono, Maine,August
  18-22, 1986 http//people.bu.edu/basu/CL/EK306/lab
  safety.html, accessed March 3, 2008
• Western Safety Products, Tie-Off Information
  OSHA Information and Fall protection deceleration
  distances,
• http//www.westernsafety.com/gemtor/gemtorpg5.html
  , accessed March 3, 2008

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QUESTIONS?