Stress, Intonation and Rhythm

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Stress, Intonation and Rhythm

• Chapter 14

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Stress

• Deals with stress at the word level
• 3 levels
• Weak
• Secondary
• Primary
• IPA symbols mark
• Secondary
• Primary

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How is stress manifested?

• 3 characteristics
• Increased pitch level
• Increased loudness
• Longer duration

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Lorna Sikorski

• http//www.ldsassoc.com/accent/trainer/whylds.html
  
• 8 basic patterns of stress

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Intonation

• The patterns of stress at the message level.
• Standard intonation pattern
• Walk, jump, step, fall
• Basic, declarative sentence types
• Wh-question intonation
• Jump, step, fall
• Yes/no question intonation
• Walk, step, jump (rising)

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Rhythm

• Includes timing and juncture
• English is stress-timed language
• Where stress is located affects the timing of the
  utterance
• Juncture
• Pauses and hesitations in a sentence that affect
  meaning
• Brief pauses indicated by / long pauses
  indicated by //.