Living Things!

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Living Things!

• Factors that affect living things are
• Biotic factors things that are alive or were
  alive (other organisms)
• Abiotic factors things that are non-living
  (temperature, water etc.)
• The interaction of all biotic and abiotic factors
  creates an ecosystem.

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Biotic or Abiotic?
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(No Transcript)
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• MAJOR ABIOTIC FACTORS
• TEMPERATURE- most organisms cannot regulate their
  body temperatures precisely, so extreme
  temperatures are lethal.
• WATER the availability of water across the
  earth is variable, which makes the distribution
  of organisms variable.

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• SUNLIGHT plants need sunlight for
  photosynthesis without it they wouldnt grow.
• If plants did not grow there would be no food
  for the consumers and the food webs would cease
  to exist.
• WIND wind amplifies the effect of temperature,
  increasing the water-loss through evaporation and
  transpiration.

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• Rocks and Soil- physical structure, pH and
  mineral composition can limit the distribution of
  plants and animals.
• Disasters/ Disturbances- volcanoes, fires,
  hurricanes, flooding can destroy ecosystems
  (which can end up being beneficial).

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All living things need energy to survive and
grow. Sowhere does the energy come from to run
these systems?

the SUN!
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Roles of Organisms
Organisms can be either producers or consumers
in terms of energy flow through an ecosystem.
Plants use sunlight, water and CO2 to create
food (sugar), and store it as energy for later
use. This is a process known as photosynthesis.
This process allows plants to be able to create
their own food, and food for others which makes
them producers Not all organisms can
produce their own food, so some must depend on
other organisms as a source of food (energy). The
organisms that eat other organisms, for energy,
are called consumers
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ProducersThese are autotrophs that can make
organic molecules (glucose) by the process of
photosynthesis by using inorganic molecules (CO2
and H2O). Examples Algae, grasses, trees, etc.
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• The ConsumersThey are the heterotrophes, that
  depend on other living organisms for food. They
  cannot make their own food.
• Primary Consumers/ Herbivores
• Consumers that eat vegetation
• Ex. Grasshoppers, rabbits,
• snails, etc.
• Secondary Consumers/ CarnivoresConsumers that
  eat the herbivores
• Ex. cats, ladybugs, foxes,
• owls, etc.
• Tertiary ConsumersTop carnivores that eat
  other carnivores
• Ex. Lions, bears, wolves, etc.

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The DecomposersThey decompose dead organic
material and return essential nutrients to the
soil which , in turn, helps plants grow.Ex.
Bacteria and mushrooms
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• ENERGY
• At each level of the food chain, about 90 of the
  energy is lost in the form of heat. The total
  energy passed from one level to the next is only
  about one-tenth of the energy received from the
  previous organism.
• Therefore, as you move up the food chain, there
  is less energy available. Animals located at the
  top of the food chain need a lot more food to
  meet their energy needs.
• NOTE!! Each organism in the food chain is only
  transferring one-tenth of its energy to the next
  organism.

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Collect a text book and turn to page 6
Read and then complete the Science Inquiry
Activity From Land to Mouth Omit step 5
and the extension question