The Electoral Cycle

1
The Electoral Cycle
2
Generic Classification of Electoral Disputes
Resolution Systems

• Political Systems
• Legal Systems
• Judicial EDR Systems Ordinary Courts of Justice
• Constitutional Courts and/or Councils
• Specialised Electoral Courts
• Administrative EDR Systems
• Other Systems

3
Some Basic Guiding Principles

• Independence of EDR Bodies
• Independence and impartiality of EDR members
• Accountability of EDR bodies and their members
• transparency (clear and unequivocal procedures)
• integrity
• professionalism
• Efficiency
• service-mindedness
• Other Procedural Principles
• due process
• public hearings
• Accessibility
• free of charge
• simple and expedite procedures
• publicity of process and decisions
• Motivated Decision

4
Factors that may influence the Effectiveness of
EDR Systems

• Constitutional/Legal Framework
• Electoral System
• Electoral Management Model
• Political and Social Environments
• Legal Traditions