GO256: Conflict in East Asia

1
GO256 Conflict in East Asia

• Professor Walter Hatch
• Colby College
• Lectures 6 and 7

2
Japan
3
Historical Overview
4
Tokugawa (Edo) Period

• Baku-han system
• Confucian order
• Sakoku

5
Meiji Restoration

• Western ideas
• Industrialization
• Constitution

6
Japanese Imperialism

• China
• Russia

Beheading a spy, 1905
7
Taisho Democracy

• Political parties
• Corruption

Hara Kei
8
Militarism

• Disenchantment
• Disorder
• Dispatch

9
The Great Pacific War
10
Total Defeat
Tokyo, March 1945
11
Occupation

• Demilitarization
• Democratization

12
Reverse Course
13
Time of Conflict AMPO
Asanuma Inejiros assassination, 1960
14
Time of Conflict Labor
The Flag of Sanbetsu
15
The 1955 System

• Left and right socialists reconcile
• Two conservative parties merge

16
LDP One-Party Dominance
17
Developmentalism

• Government-business cooperation
• Business-business cooperation
• Labor-management cooperation

Ikeda Hayato
18
Costs of Developmentalism
19
Expanding the Base
20
Retail Politics
Tanaka Kakuei
21
LDP Clientelism

• Koenkai
• Factions
• Zoku

22
Money Politics

• Recruit
• Sagawa Kyubin

23
Why clientelism (and money politics)?

• Culture group-ism
• Institutionalism history
• Rational choice electoral rules

24
The Old Rules

• SNTV
• MMDs

25
The Old Party Line

• Communists
• LDP
• Socialists
• Democratic Socialists
• Komeito

26
Chaos in the 90s

• Rise of new parties
• Collapse of LDP rule
• Electoral reform
• SM Plurality (300 in HR and 144 HC)
• PR (180 in HR and 98 in HC)
• LDP returns to power

27
2000 HR Election

• LDP 233
• Democratic Party 127
• Komeito 31
• Others 89

28
2003 HR Election

• LDP 237
• DPJ 177
• Komeito 34
• Others 32

29
Lionheart
30
Henjin
31
2005 HR Election

• LDP 292
• DPJ 113
• Komeito 31
• Others 44

32
Abe Shinzo
33
Pro-Abe Interests

• Nippon Keidanren
• Nationalists

34
Anti-Abe Interests

• Rengo
• Nokyo
• Feminists
• Peace Activists