EE290: Introduction to Microcontrollers

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EE290 Introduction to Microcontrollers

• Spring 2002
• Martin D. Fox
• M.D., Ph. D.

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Agenda

• Definition of Microcontrollers and Embedded
  Microprocessors
• Components
• Microcontroller Market
• Key Suppliers

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Overview

• Microcontrollers - a key impact technology for
  the 21st century
• Microcontrollers.com In the aggregate, PC
  microprocessors are responsible for less than 1
  of all processors sold. Embedded processors
  outsell PC processors by more than 99.
• Today Brief overview

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Microcontrollers and Embedded Controllers

• Controls some process or aspect of the
  environment Microcontrollers Vs. DSPs
• DSPs optimized for math multiplies
• Embedded controller may not be a microcontroller
  per se but is used for special purpose control
  application
• Typical applications temperature control, smart
  instrument, GPS, digital lock, cell phone, etc.
  .
• Exercise write down five µController based
  devices

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Examples

• Personal information products Cell phone, pager,
  watch, pocket recorder, calculator
• Laptop components mouse, keyboard, modem, fax
  card, sound card, battery charger
• Home appliances door lock, alarm clock,
  thermostat, air conditioner, tv remote, hair
  dryer, VCR, small refrigerator, exercise
  equipment, washer/dryer, microwave oven
• Toys video games, cars, dolls, etc.

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Microcontroller Families

• Most manufacturers offer a wide range of devices
  for low end to higher end applications
• Microcontroller.com, In January 2000, Microchip
  shipped its one billionth 8-bit PIC
  microcontroller.
• Example Microcontroller Manufacturers
• Embedded systems and gizmos
• Characteristics of the PIC 16F87x

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16F87xFamilyFeatures
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Typical MicroController Elements
From PIC 16F87x data sheet
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Microcontrollers

• Processing power 4 bit, 8 bit, 16 bit, 32 bit
• Microcontrollers.com The highest rate of new
  product success is in the 8-bit microcontroller
  market. The lowest rate of success is in the 64-
  and 32-bit microcontroller markets.
• Specific features communications, keyboard
  handling, signal processing, video processing

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Microcontroller Market

• Shipments- gt 16 Billion in 2000, 8 bit gt 1/2
  market
• Major Players Microchip 16Fxx, Intel 8051,
  Motorola MC68HC05, National COP800, SGS/Thomson
  ST62, Zilog Z86Cxx 8 bit comparison

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Speed comparison
From Mark Palmer, AN520 A Comparison of 8 bit
Microcontrollers, Microchip AN, 1995.
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Shipments
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16F87x Instruction Set35
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P1
15
P1-2
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Summary

• Microprocessors and embedded controllers are a
  ubiquitous part of life today
• These devices come in a wide variety of
  configurations and designs
• Headhunters report that EEs familiar with µC, µP
  design are in the highest possible demand
• Feedback

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More Information

• In the next session we will explore in more depth
  key features of µControllers
• All major Manufacturers have web sites