PowerPoint bemutat

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FastTrack Network Applications (KaZaA
Morpheus)
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Applications of the FaskTrack Network

• KaZaA
• Morpheus
• Groove
• Grokster

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Kazaa (FastTrack network)

• Hybrid of centralized Napster and decentralized
  Gnutella
• Super-peers act as local search hubs
• Each super-peer is similar to a Napster server
  for a small portion of the network
• Super-peers are automatically chosen by the
  system based on their capacities (storage,
  bandwidth, etc.) and availability (connection
  time)
• Users upload their list of files to a super-peer
• Super-peers periodically exchange file lists
• You send queries to a super-peer for files of
  interest

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KaZaA

• The FastTrack network has only three official
  clients
• KaZaA
• Grokster
• iMesh
• The Kazaa software family (including the Kazaa
  Lite family of applications) has been the
  single-most popular P2P file sharing program /
  system of all time
• Kazaa is fast and easy to use
• However Kazaa software and the FastTrack network
  it utilizes appear to be declining rapidly in
  popularity and availability of files
• Some have criticized the intrusiveness of
  "adware" embedded in free Kazaa clients
• Others have complained about the frequency of
  encountering fake files on FastTrack

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Common Features ofKaZaA Morpheus

• unstructured networks
• partially centralized indexing systems which use
  the concept of SuperNodes
• Peers are automatically elected to become
  SuperNodes if they have sufficient bandwidth and
  processing power
• In Morpheus,
• a central server provides new peers with a list
  of one or more SuperNodes with which they can
  connect
• SuperNodes index the files shared by peers
  connected to them and proxy search requests on
  behalf of these peers
• Queries are therefore sent to superNodes

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Partially Centralized

• A central server registers the users to the
  system and facilitates the peer discovery process
• After a Morpheus peer is authenticated to the
  server, the server provides it with the IP
  address and port (always 1214) of one or more
  SuperNodes to which the peer then connects
• Local SuperNodes
• index the files shared by local peers that
  connected to it and
• proxy search requests on behalf of these peers
• Examples
• KazaA
• Morpheus

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KaZaA/Morpheus

• Hybrid indexing/searching model
• Not centralized like Napster, not decentralized
  like Gnutella
• Peer-to-peer file downloading using HTTP
• SuperNodes elected dynamically if sufficient
  bandwidth and processing power
• hybrid topology model
• A central server keeps user registrations, logs
  usage, and helps bootstrapping peer discovery

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Business Application
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Morpheus

• Morpheus P2P client application downloads exist
  in both free and paid Ultra versions
• Compared to the free version, the Morpheus Ultra
  download additionally removes bundled advertising
• Morpheus clients are capable of searching
• Gnutella2
• FastTrack
• eDonkey2K and
• Overnet P2P networks.

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Morpheus (Super-Peer)

• Self organizing network
• Neither search requests nor actual downloads pass
  through any central server
• The network is multi-layered, so that more
  powerful computers get to become search hubs
  ("SuperNodes")
• Any client may become a SuperNode, if it meets
  the criteria of processing power, bandwidth and
  latency
• Network management is automatic - SuperNodes
  appear and disappear according to demand

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Morpheus (Super-Peer)
SN2
SN4
SN4 12.34.56.78
SN3
SN1
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Morpheus

• The full gamut (not just mp3s)
• Uses metadata (XML) to describe contents of file
  easier to find things
• Largely decentralized, speed of query engine
  rivals that of centralized systems (a la Napster)
• No more incomplete downloads
• SmartStream Fail-over system that attempts to
  locate another peer sharing same requested file,
  and automatically resume download where it left
  off at failed host
• Improved download performance and faster searches
  (faststream)

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More on Morpheus
peer 1 file 1, peer 1 file 2, , peer 1 file
n peer 2 file 1, peer 2 file 2, , peer 2 file
n peer 3 file 1, peer 3 file 2, , peer 3 file
n
Supernode
Peer 2 file 1
Search query
GET file 1
peer 1
peer 2
peer 3
file 1 file 2 . . . file n
file 1 file 2 . . . file n
file 1 file 2 . . . file n
Source Morpheus Out of the UnderWorld by Kelly
Truelovehttp//www.openp2p.com/pub/a/p2p/2001/07/
02/morpheus.html
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Peer 1 File 1, File 2, File 3, ... Peer 2 File
1, File 2, File 3, Peer 3 File 1, File 2, File
3,
SuperNode C
SuperNode B
SuperNode A
Search Query
Peer 2, File1
Peer 2
Peer 1
Peer 3
Get File 1

• Search results in Morpheus contain the IP
  addresses of peers sharing the files that match
  the search criteria
• File downloads are purely peer-to-peer

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Morpheuss SuperNode

• Morpheus peers are automatically elected to
  become SuperNodes if they have sufficient
  bandwidth and processing power (a configuration
  parameter allows users to opt out of running
  their peer in this mode)
• Once a Morpheus peer receives its list of
  SuperNodes from the central server, little
  communication with the server is required

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Advantages of Partial Centralized Indexing

• Reducing discovery time in comparison with purely
  decentralized indexing system such as Gnutella
  and Freenet
• Reducing the workload on central servers in
  comparison with fully centralized indexing system
  such as Napster

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Morpheus (Super-Peer)

• Intelligent downloads
• Morpheus implements a type of fail-over system
  that attempts to locate another peer sharing the
  same file, and automatically resume the download
  where it left off at the failed host
• When Morpheus search engine finds that more than
  one active peer is serving a particular file, it
  associates the list of peers with the file for
  later reference
• If the user instructs Morpheus to download the
  file, it can distribute the download task over
  this list of peers
• SuperNodes act like local search
  hubs
  and proxy search requests
  on
  behalf of their connected peers