GIS and arcview

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GIS and arcview

• Databases and geology

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What is a Geographical Information
System (GIS)? Maps points symbols lines clo
sed lines (polygons) lakes unclosed lines
roads areas states outcrops text all
information has a spatial reference
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Arcinfo and Arcview

• Arcview is a smaller version of ArcInfo
• Arcview has a graphical interface
• ArcvInfo is command driven and in general more
  powerful. And harder to learn (industrial
  version).
• runs on small computers easily (start-gtESRI-gtArcvi
  ew)
• graphical interface
• also has a scripting languagefor repeating tasks
• Most users dont need ArcInfo Arcview is fine.

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attributes Each point (or line) has other
information associated with it - attributes oil
well depth of well depth of
oil flow rate amount of gas date
drilled cost A GIS stores these attributes and
can make a map quickly using any of them. Or
the data can be looked at and selected on the
basis of the attributes. Make a map of all oil
wells with depth more than 10,000 ft or all wells
drilled before 1950. Or all wells that
penetrated the Roswell Formation and had a show
of gas and cost less than 1,000,000 with a
logging geologist named Chuck.
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What kind of data is stored ? Spatial data -
date referenced by coordinates latitude and
longitude, or state plane Tabular data -
information date of drilling (such as an Excel
worksheet) Image data - satellite photo for
example
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Where does the data come from ? For geology, a
lot of useful information is on the internet
(USGS map data - elevations, streams, etc) (must
be imported into ArcView) You can buy data from
various companies (all oil wells in the former
Soviet Union) Or create your own. Type in a
table Digitize a map On a digitizer From
a photo Other (GPS download)
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How does ArcView acess data? themes - a set of
data associated with a map. (on Monday, the
elavation data and map could be considered a
theme of data) view - a picture of the data.
There can be many views for one theme. (a
contour map, a perspective map, a shaded
relief map are all different ways of looking at
one data set)
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Organization of data in Arcview project - an
organization of all the data you need for a
task view - a picture of the data table - the
data in tabular form charts - a graph of the
data (ie, bat graph) layouts - final product
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• Capabilities of Arcview
• changing the projection (Mercator, etc)
• changing symbols and color for a theme
• plotting various attributes of a theme
• measuring distance and area
• changing the scale of a map

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database manipulation - joins and links Joining
tables - a one-to-one join table 1-
geology table2-accountin well
name caspar well name caspar flow 55
barrels/day cost 1,500,00 depth 7845
ft date 4/15/64 A join of table 1 and table
2 well name caspar flow 55 barrels/day depth 7
845 ft cost 1,500,00 date 4/15/64
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Joining tables one-to-many (or do a link) table
1 list of oil wells table 2 geology caspar
well name caspar dry mesa flow rate 55
barrels/day Elmore depth 7845 Timbalier-1 Tim
balier-2 Anadarko Output table caspar 55
barrels/day 7845 dry mesa Elmore Timbalier-1
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selecting by spatial relationship points near
other points, or lines plot all water wells
within 50 miles of Chernobyl nuclear power
plant or all towns within 100 miles of Mt. St.
Helens
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importing data, spatial analyst, and scripts

• data must be imported into Arcview
• shape data (coastlines, highways, etc)
• tabular data
• grid data (images)
• Arcview can import from other programs
• ArcInfo, USGS map information, various other
  mapping programs, CAD programs.
• US Census data, Statistical Abstract

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data import

• tables
• import as ascii text (earthquakes)
• lon,lat,depth
• -117.0072 , 33.6719 , 3.6095
• -117.0150 , 33.6750 , 0.0000
• -117.6147 , 32.9345 , 11.4926

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San Diego County earthquakes

• earthquakes Caltech catalog, converted and
• imported into Arcview
• coastline converted using ArcInfo into a
• shapefile
• faults imported from ASCII tables

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Coast and faults
Coast
Coast, faults, and earthquakes
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Earthquakes deeper than 17 km
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Or we can use layout to make it look nicer
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creating data

• tracing around an aerial photo
• saving as an individual shapefile

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Scripting...
In matlab we wrote scripts to avoid
repetition Scripts can be written in Arcview as
well in a language named Avenue Avenue is now
obsolete, but Ill show some examples.
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Click on scripts and type in the window
The script is object oriented and not top-down
This looks for View1 and then opens it
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What do you think this does ?
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We can also make buttons
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As in all programs, scripts are the real
power. They are the building blocks. Without
the ability to script or program, program use is
very limited.