Areas of interest

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Areas of interest

• Sound editing systems
• Image editing systems
• Desktop Video technologies
• Software and hardware codecs
• DVD Storage
• Video editing software systems

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Sound Editing

• Sound editing tools tend to look quite similar
• Waveform view
• Mark sections of waveform for cut, copy, paste,
  clear, amplify

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• CoolEdit2000 provides
• a waveform view
• a spectral view
• Use waveform mode!

• Can you see the relationship between the two
  displays?
• The show the same sound

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What not to do with a sound editor

• Remember the first time you used a DTP or
  presentation graphics system?
• You were tempted to use every colour
• Every font
• Every transition effect
• Every piece of clip-art
• Use special effects sparingly!
• Echo, reverb, distortion and so on are for experts

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Image Editors

• Adobe Photoshop is the industry standard tool
• Full featured
• Powerful and extensible
• Versatile
• Lots of good documentation available
• Excellent at manipulating, combining and
  retouching
• But not great for creating artwork from scratch
• Paint Shop Pro is similar but easier to learn

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Digital Video

• You may be familiar with sound and image editing
• But you are much less likely to have experience
  of digital video editing
• The following slides introduce
• File formats
• Encoder and decoder systems codecs
• Video editing software

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Desktop Video output technologies

• Apples Quicktime is available on Macintosh, PC
  and other platforms
• This video player is known for good frame rates,
  reasonably good video quality and good file size
• Quicktime movies are .mov files
• QuickTime movie files can contain video images,
  animation and sound

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Desktop Video output technologies

• Microsofts Video for Windows is available on the
  Windows platform
• VfW files are in .AVI or audio-video
  interleaved format
• There are many different compressors available,
  causing compatibility problems
• DivX format is becoming popular very high
  compression
• AVIs have a 2GB file size limit

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Desktop Video output technologies

• MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group) format,
  available on the Macintosh, PC and many others
• MPEG movies are known for excellent compression
  with some blurring and blocky artefacts when
  over-compressed
• MPEG movies are usually .mpg or .mpeg files
• MPEG1 desktop video, MPEG2 broadcast-quality
  video, very low bit-rate video streams

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Desktop Video output technologies

• MJPEG (Motion JPEG) is a format widely used as an
  intermediate editable format
• MJPEG individually compresses each frame with no
  reference to previous or following frames
• MJPEG easy to edit any frame at any position
• Most MJPEG movies are converted to another format
  (often MPEG) for publishing

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Desktop Video output technologies

• Streaming Web-style (often extremely low
  bandwidth) media
• Real Player, Real Video
• Vivo
• MPEG (MPEG2 good for this)
• Streaming data formats require noise immunity and
  drop-out tolerance, so they are often quite
  different to desktop video formats

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Software and hardware codecs

• Software codecs are common, often as plug-in
  library components
• For example, Video for Windows may use
• Intel Indeo compression (v2 to 5)
• Microsoft Video 1 format
• Radius Cinepak (Mac-derived)
• RLE (run-length encoded)
• DivX MPEG-style coding

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Hardware codecs

• Hardware to decode MPEG streams (in real time) is
  incorporated into DVD players
• MPEG decoder cards for PCs are relatively
  inexpensive, some parts built in to video cards
• Real-time MPEG2 encoders are relatively expensive
  but getting cheaper
• Software codecs are many times slower than their
  hardware counterparts, but are correspondingly
  cheaper

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DVD Storage

• The acronym DVD has two parallel meanings
• Digital Video Disc if the context is video
• Otherwise it stands for Digital Versatile Disc
• DVD can store 4.7GB of movie data, allowing high
  quality video plus multiple soundtracks, text
  overlays and surround-sound information
• DVD requires some hardware acceleration for
  decoding and viewing

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Video editing software systems

• Popular editing software packages include
• Adobe Premiere
• Ulead Media Studio
• IMSI Lumiere Video Studio
• VideoWave 3
• Vegas Video 2
• They have much in common but often vary in their
  terminology

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Video editing software systems

• Video editing software has a common look

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Video editing software systems

• This is a snapshot from DigitalOrigins EditDV
  package

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Summary

• We have briefly seen
• Audio editing systems
• Image editing systems
• Movie editing systems
• And commented on the similarities of one package
  to another
• We have discussed some details of video formats
  and codecs